Windows generate ssh key for git

4.3 Git на сервере — Генерация открытого SSH ключа

$ cd ~/.ssh
$ ls
authorized_keys2  id_dsa       known_hosts
config            id_dsa.pub

$ ssh-keygen -o
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/schacon/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/schacon/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/schacon/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/schacon/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
d0:82:24:8e:d7:f1:bb:9b:33:53:96:93:49:da:9b:e3 schacon@mylaptop.local

$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAklOUpkDHrfHY17SbrmTIpNLTGK9Tjom/BWDSU
GPl+nafzlHDTYW7hdI4yZ5ew18JH4JW9jbhUFrviQzM7xlELEVf4h9lFX5QVkbPppSwg0cda3
Pbv7kOdJ/MTyBlWXFCR+HAo3FXRitBqxiX1nKhXpHAZsMciLq8V6RjsNAQwdsdMFvSlVK/7XA
t3FaoJoAsncM1Q9x5+3V0Ww68/eIFmb1zuUFljQJKprrX88XypNDvjYNby6vw/Pb0rwert/En
mZ+AW4OZPnTPI89ZPmVMLuayrD2cE86Z/il8b+gw3r3+1nKatmIkjn2so1d01QraTlMqVSsbx
NrRFi9wrf+M7Q== schacon@mylaptop.local

After you’ve checked for existing SSH keys, you can generate a new SSH key to use for authentication, then add it to the ssh-agent.

About SSH key passphrases

You can access and write data in repositories on GitHub.com using SSH (Secure Shell Protocol). When you connect via SSH, you authenticate using a private key file on your local machine. For more information, see «About SSH.»

When you generate an SSH key, you can add a passphrase to further secure the key. Whenever you use the key, you must enter the passphrase. If your key has a passphrase and you don’t want to enter the passphrase every time you use the key, you can add your key to the SSH agent. The SSH agent manages your SSH keys and remembers your passphrase.

If you don’t already have an SSH key, you must generate a new SSH key to use for authentication. If you’re unsure whether you already have an SSH key, you can check for existing keys. For more information, see «Checking for existing SSH keys.»

If you want to use a hardware security key to authenticate to GitHub, you must generate a new SSH key for your hardware security key. You must connect your hardware security key to your computer when you authenticate with the key pair. For more information, see the OpenSSH 8.2 release notes.

Generating a new SSH key

You can generate a new SSH key on your local machine. After you generate the key, you can add the public key to your account on GitHub.com to enable authentication for Git operations over SSH.

1. Open TerminalTerminalGit Bash.

2. Paste the text below, substituting in your GitHub email address.

   ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "your_email@example.com"
   

   Note: If you are using a legacy system that doesn’t support the Ed25519 algorithm, use:

    ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "your_email@example.com"
   

   This creates a new SSH key, using the provided email as a label.

   > Generating public/private ALGORITHM key pair.
   

   When you’re prompted to «Enter a file in which to save the key», you can press Enter to accept the default file location. Please note that if you created SSH keys previously, ssh-keygen may ask you to rewrite another key, in which case we recommend creating a custom-named SSH key. To do so, type the default file location and replace id_ssh_keyname with your custom key name.

3. At the prompt, type a secure passphrase. For more information, see «Working with SSH key passphrases.»

   > Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [Type a passphrase]
   > Enter same passphrase again: [Type passphrase again]
   

Adding your SSH key to the ssh-agent

Before adding a new SSH key to the ssh-agent to manage your keys, you should have checked for existing SSH keys and generated a new SSH key. When adding your SSH key to the agent, use the default macOS ssh-add command, and not an application installed by macports, homebrew, or some other external source.

Generating a new SSH key for a hardware security key

If you are using macOS or Linux, you may need to update your SSH client or install a new SSH client prior to generating a new SSH key. For more information, see «Error: Unknown key type.»

1. Insert your hardware security key into your computer.

2. Open TerminalTerminalGit Bash.

3. Paste the text below, substituting in the email address for your account on GitHub.

   Note: If the command fails and you receive the error invalid format or feature not supported, you may be using a hardware security key that does not support the Ed25519 algorithm. Enter the following command instead.

    ssh-keygen -t ecdsa-sk -C "your_email@example.com"
   

4. When you are prompted, touch the button on your hardware security key.

5. When you are prompted to «Enter a file in which to save the key,» press Enter to accept the default file location.

6. When you are prompted to type a passphrase, press Enter.

   > Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [Type a passphrase]
   > Enter same passphrase again: [Type passphrase again]
   

7. Add the SSH public key to your account on GitHub. For more information, see «Adding a new SSH key to your GitHub account.»

Last updated: Jul 30, 2023 | Published: Jul 25, 2019

Securing your Git interactions with SSH keys is a fundamental aspect of software development today, offering a secure and convenient way to authenticate with remote repositories. Whether you’re an experienced developer or just starting your coding journey, understanding how to generate SSH keys for Git authorization is an essential skill to ensure the integrity and privacy of your code. In this quick guide, we’ll walk you through the process of creating SSH keys on Windows, Mac, and Linux systems, empowering you to access and collaborate on your Git projects with enhanced security.

Windows

Just follow these 5 steps:

1. Go to this address, and download Git for Windows, after the download install it with default settings
2. Open Git Bash that you just installed (Start->All Programs->Git->Git Bash)
3. Type in the following: ssh-keygen -t rsa (when prompted, enter password, key name can stay the same)
4. Open file your_home_directory/.ssh/id_rsa.pub with your favorite text editor, and copy contents to your Git repository’s keys field (GitHub, beanstalk, or any other repository provider), under your account.
5. Be sure that you don’t copy any whitespace while copying public key’s content (id_rsa.pub)

Note: your_home_directory is either C:\Users\your_username (on Windows Vista / 7 / 8 / 10), or C:\Documents and Settings\your_username (on Windows XP)

Mac

Follow these 5 steps:

1. Start the terminal
2. Navigate to your home directory by typing: cd ~/
3. Execute the following command: ssh-keygen -t rsa (when prompted, enter password, key name can stay the same)
4. Open the file you’ve just created ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub with your favorite text editor, and copy contents to your Git repository’s keys field (GitHub, beanstalk, or any other repository provider), under your account.
5. Be sure that you don’t copy any whitespace while copying public key’s content (id_rsa.pub)

Linux (Ubuntu)

Follow these 5 steps:

1. Open console
2. cd ~
3. ssh-keygen -t rsa (when prompted, enter password, key name can stay the same)
4. open file /home/your_username/.ssh/id_rsa.pub with your favorite text editor, and copy contents to your Git repository’s keys field (GitHub, beanstalk, or any other repository provider), under your account.
5. Be sure that you don’t copy any whitespace while copying public key’s content (id_rsa.pub)

Additional info

When you create private/public SSH keys on your machine (that’s what you did in the above steps), it’s not enough. You need to give your public key to the repository in order to pair the Git server with your local machine (that’d be steps 4. and 5. above).

Most of the popular repositories will give you web interface access to the application, and here’s how it looks like on Github:

After this step, you’re ready to start using Git.

Conclusion

I hope this wasn’t too complicated to follow, and also I hope it was helpful to someone!

Cheers!

Инструменты

Git SSH Windows — пошаговое руководство

Дата размещения статьи 08/12/2019 👁31067