What is path in windows

The most efficient way to get most things done on Windows is via the graphical interface. Every now and then, though, you have to turn to the command line for troubleshooting, programming, or just working on your nerd cred.

But if you’re trying to run something that’s not natively part of Windows, you’ll need to add it to your PATH variable. That tells your system where to look for executables when you ask for them.

Also read: Settings App Not Working in Windows? Here Are the Fixes

Environment variables store data about a system’s environment so the system knows where to look for certain information. The PATH variable is one of the most well-known environment variables since it exists on Windows, Mac, and Linux machines and does a fairly user-facing job on all. Its actual form is just a text string containing a list of directory paths that the system will search every time you request a program.

Windows Path Python Example

This is a bit like adding a desktop shortcut to your command line. Instead of entering «C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\python.exe» to launch Python, you can add the folder containing the file to the PATH variable and just type “python” to launch it in the future. Do that for any program you like, whether it launches a GUI (like Notepad) or works in the command line interface (like Python).

Windows Path Charmap Launch

On Windows, PATH (capitalized by convention only, since Windows’ NTFS file system is not case-sensitive) points by default to the «C:\Windows» and «C:\Windows\system32» directories.

If you type charmap into the command line, you’ll get a massive list of Unicode characters you can copy and use, for example. “notepad” runs Notepad, «msinfo32» gets you a list of your computer’s specs, and so on.

These programs can also be launched with the GUI. But if you’re already working in the command line, launching programs just by typing their names is a lot easier. This is especially true if you’re trying to launch a program that will open and run inside the command line interface, like Python or Node.js.

How do I edit the PATH variable?

The Windows GUI is pretty straightforward, so it’s probably the best way for most people to edit PATH.

Using the Windows GUI

1. Open “System Properties” and go to the “Advanced” tab. The easiest way to do this is by typing environment variable into your Windows Search bar and clicking “Edit the system environment variables.”

Windows Path System Properties Search

Alternatively, you can go to «Control Panel -> System and Security -> System» and click “Advanced system settings;” type sysdm.cpl into the Run command; or right-click “This PC,” select “Properties,” and click “Advanced system settings.” They all go to the same place.

2. Once you’re in the “Advanced” tab, click “Environment Variables … ”

Windows Path System Properties Advanced

3. The top box contains user variables, meaning any edits will only apply to your account. If you have multiple accounts on one machine and want the changes to affect everyone, edit the bottom box containing system variables instead.

Windows Path Environment Variables

4. Select the user or system Path variable (don’t let the title-case throw you; PATH and Path are the same in Windows) you want to edit and click the «Edit … » button below the box.

Windows Path Edit Environment Variable

5. If you already have the path to the folder you want to add, just click «New» and paste in the full path (not directly to the executable, just to the folder containing it). I’m pasting in the path to my NodeJS directory so I can use JavaScript in the command line.

Windows Path Edit Environment Variable New

6. If you’d rather browse to the folder and select it manually, use the «Browse» button to navigate to the folder where your executable is located and hit the «OK» button when you’re there.

Windows Path Edit Environment Variables Browse Node

7. If you want your program to launch slightly faster, you can use the «Move Up» and «Move Down» buttons to put its folder closer to the top so it’ll pop up more quickly in the directory search.

8. Open a new command-prompt window and test your program by typing in the name of the executable you want to launch. It won’t work in the current window since it’s still using the old PATH variable.

Also read: How to Move Windows Programs to Another Drive

Edit PATH Variables Using Command Prompt

The Windows 10 GUI is very usable and should meet most peoples’ needs, but if you need to use the command line to set PATH and environment variables, you can do that too.

1. Open the command prompt as administrator, then enter the command set.

2. Scroll through the list of paths, then find the variable you want to edit. The variable name is the part before the ‘=’ sign, the variable value is the part after, which you will rename to the directory you want it point to.

What Is Windows Path Edit Environment Variable Cmd 1

3. With that in mind, to edit the PATH, enter the following command:

setx variable name "variable value"
Windows Path Cmd Setx

You can use the following code to set your System PATH from the Command Prompt. (Run as administrator.) To use it to set your User PATH , just remove the /M.

setx /M PATH "%PATH%;<path-to-executable-folder>"

If you have problems, it’s a good idea to read through the known issues with and fixes for the setx command truncating the variable to 1024 characters or otherwise altering the variables. Definitely back up both your user and your system path variables first.

Frequent Asked Questions

1. Why would I need to edit PATH?

Chances are, if you’re reading this, you’ve run into something that requires you to add it to the PATH variable, so that’s probably what you should do. If you just want to add something to your PATH for easier access, though, that’s also fine. Just make sure it doesn’t interfere with the higher-priority programs.

2. Is there a Windows PATH length limit?

Yes, there is. So PATH-changing enthusiasts beware that the limit is 260 characters.

3. Can I disable the Windows PATH length limit?

Yes you can! Go to the Registry Editor, then within that navigate to:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem

In the right-side pane, double-click the entry called «LongPathsEnabled», then change the «Value data» value from 0 to 1. Click OK, and you’re good to go.

What Is Windows Path Disable Length Limit

Ready to keep digging beneath the Windows bonnet? Then head over to our favorite Windows registry hacks. Or for something a little lighter, check out our list of the best Windows 10 themes.

Robert Zak

Tech writer at Make Tech Easier. Enjoys Android, Windows, and tinkering with retro console emulation to breaking point.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

PATH is an environment variable on Unix-like operating systems, DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows, specifying a set of directories where executable programs are located. In general, each executing process or user session has its own PATH setting.

History[edit]

Multics originated the idea of a search path. The early Unix shell only looked for program names in /bin, but by Version 3 Unix the directory was too large and /usr/bin, and a search path, became part of the operating system.[1]

Unix and Unix-like[edit]

On POSIX and Unix-like operating systems, the $PATH variable is specified as a list of one or more directory names separated by colon (:) characters.[2][3]
Directories in the PATH-string are not meant to be escaped, making it impossible to have directories with : in their name. [4]

The /bin, /usr/bin, and /usr/local/bin directories are typically included in most users’ $PATH setting (although this varies from implementation to implementation). The superuser also typically has /sbin and /usr/sbin entries for easily executing system administration commands. The current directory (.) is sometimes included by users as well, allowing programs residing in the current working directory to be executed directly. System administrators as a rule do not include it in $PATH in order to prevent the accidental execution of scripts residing in the current directory, such as may be placed there by a malicious tarbomb. In that case, executing such a program requires specifying an absolute (/home/userjoe/bin/script.sh) or relative path (./script.sh) on the command line.

When a command name is specified by the user or an exec call is made from a program, the system searches through $PATH, examining each directory from left to right in the list, looking for a filename that matches the command name. Once found, the program is executed as a child process of the command shell or program that issued the command.

DOS, OS/2, and Windows[edit]

On DOS, OS/2, and Windows operating systems, the %PATH% variable is specified as a list of one or more directory names separated by semicolon (;) characters.[5]

The Windows system directory (typically C:\WINDOWS\system32) is typically the first directory in the path, followed by many (but not all) of the directories for installed software packages. Many programs do not appear in the path as they are not designed to be executed from a command window, but rather from a Graphical User Interface. Some programs may add their directory to the front of the PATH variable’s content during installation, to speed up the search process and/or override OS commands. In the DOS era, it was customary to add a PATH {program directory};%PATH% or SET PATH={program directory};%PATH% line to AUTOEXEC.BAT.

When a command is entered in a command shell or a system call is made by a program to execute a program, the system first searches the current working directory and then searches the path, examining each directory from left to right, looking for an executable filename that matches the command name given. Executable programs have filename extensions of EXE or COM, and batch scripts have extensions of BAT or CMD. Other executable filename extensions can be registered with the system as well.

Once a matching executable file is found, the system spawns a new process which runs it.

The PATH variable makes it easy to run commonly used programs located in their own folders. If used unwisely, however, the value of the PATH variable can slow down the operating system by searching too many locations, or invalid locations.

Invalid locations can also stop services from running altogether, especially the ‘Server’ service which is usually a dependency for other services within a Windows Server environment.

References[edit]

  1. ^ McIlroy, M. D. (1987). A Research Unix reader: annotated excerpts from the Programmer’s Manual, 1971–1986 (PDF) (Technical report). CSTR. Bell Labs. 139.
  2. ^ Open Group Unix Specification, Environment Variables
  3. ^ Open Group Unix Specification, execve() function
  4. ^ Dash exec.c as an example of an implementation of a PATH-string parser
  5. ^ Microsoft.com, PATH command

What are Environment Variables?

Environment variables hold values related to the current environment, like the Operating System or user sessions.

Path

One of the most well-known is called PATH on Windows, Linux and Mac OS X. It specifies the directories in which executable programs* are located on the machine that can be started without knowing and typing the whole path to the file on the command line. (Or in Windows, the Run dialog in the Start Menu or Win+R).

On Linux and Mac OS X, it usually holds all bin and sbin directories relevant for the current user. On Windows, it contains at least the C:\Windows and C:\Windows\system32 directories — that’s why you can run calc.exe or notepad.exe from the command line or Run dialog, but not firefox.exe. (Firefox is located in C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox. For information on how to include Firefox, go here.)

For example, typing calc (the .exe can be omitted) in the command line on Windows will start up the Windows Calculator.

* You can add support for file extensions other than .exe by editing %PATHEXT%.

Other

Other variables might tell programs what kind of terminal is used (TERM on Linux/Mac OS X), or, on Windows, where the Windows folder is located (e.g., %WINDIR% is C:\Windows).

Creating new environment variables

In Windows, Linux and Unix, it’s possible to create new environment variables, whose values are then made available to all programs upon launch.

You can use this when writing scripts or programs that are installed or deployed to multiple machines and need to reference values that are specific to these machines. While a similar effect can be achieved using program-specific configuration settings, it’s easier to do this using an environment variable if multiple programs need to access the same value.

Windows

GUI

  1. Open Control Panel » System » Advanced » Environment Variables.

  2. Type control sysdm.cpl,,3 in the Run dialog (Win+R) and click Environment Variables.
    For editing user variables you can also type

    %windir%\System32\rundll32.exe sysdm.cpl,EditEnvironmentVariables
    

    in the Run dialog.

  3. Right-click (My) Computer and click on Properties, or simply press Win+Break.

    • In XP click on Advanced » Environment Variables.
    • In Vista+ click on Advanced system settings » Environment Variables.
  4. There are many other ways of reaching the same place, such as by typing «environment variables» in the Start Menu/Screen search box and so on.

Environment variables in Windows are separated into user and machine/system specific values. You can view and edit their values there. Their current values upon launch are made available to all programs.

There is also Rapid Environment Editor, which helps setting and changing environment variables in Windows without the need to go deep into the system settings. Another open source program for Windows with which the path environment can be edited very conveniently is Path Editor.

Command Line

Format

Environment Variables in Windows are denoted with percent signs (%) surrounding the name:

%name%

echo

To display an environment variable’s value in cmd.exe, type echo %name%.

C:\>echo %USERPROFILE%
C:\Users\Daniel

set

To create/set a variable, use set varname=value:

C:\>set FunnyCatPictures=C:\Users\Daniel\Pictures\Funny Cat Pictures

C:\>set FunnyCatPicturesTwo=%USERPROFILE%\Pictures\Funny Cat Pictures 2

To append/add a variable, use set varname=value;%varname%:

C:\>set Penguins=C:\Linux

C:\>set Penguins=C:\Windows;%Penguins%

C:\>echo %Penguins%
C:\Windows;C:\Linux

Environment variables set in this way are available for (the rest of)
the duration of the Command Prompt process in which they are set,
and are available to processes that are started after the variables were set.

setx

To create/set a variable permanently, use setx varname "value":

C:\>setx FunnyCatPictures "C:\Users\Daniel\Pictures\Funny Cat Pictures"

[Restart CMD]

C:\>echo %FunnyCatPictures%
C:\Users\Daniel\Pictures\Funny Cat Pictures

Unlike set, there is no equals sign and the value should be enclosed in quotes if it contains any spaces. Note that variables may expand to a string with spaces (e.g., %PATH% becomes C:\Program Files), so it is best to include quotes around values that contain any variables.

You must manually add setx to versions of Windows earlier than Vista.
Windows XP Service Pack 2 Support Tools

List of Windows Environment Variables

Here is a list of default environment variables, which are built into Windows. Some examples are:
%WINDIR%, %SystemRoot%, %USERPROFILE%, and %APPDATA%.
Like most names in Windows, these are case-insensitive.

Unix derivatives (FreeBSD, GNU / Linux, OS X)

Environment Variables in Linux are prefixed with a dollar sign ($) such as $HOME or $HOSTNAME. Many well-known and standard variables are spelled out in capital letters to signify just that. Keep in mind that variable names are case-sensitive, meaning that $User and $USER are entirely unrelated from the shell’s point of view.

Unix derivatives define system wide variables in shell scripts located mostly in the /etc folder, but user-specific values may be given to those variables in scripts located in the home folder (e.g., /etc/profile, $HOME/.bash_profile). The .profile file in the home folder is a common place to define user variables.

Setting variables

These files are regular shell scripts and can contain more than just environment variable declarations. To set an environment variable, use export. To show your currently defined environment variables in a terminal, run env.

The export command is a standard way to define variables. The syntax is very intuitive. The outcome is identical for these two lines, but the first alternative is preferable in case portability to pre-POSIX Bourne shell is necessary.

var=value; export var
export var=value

The C shell and its descendants use a completely different syntax; there, the command is setenv.

See the Linux documentation project, Path HOWTO for a more thorough discussion on this topic.

Perhaps contrary to common belief, OS X is more «Unix» than Linux. Additionally to the files already mentioned, $PATH can be modified in these files:

  • /etc/paths contains all default directories that are added to the path, like /bin and /usr/sbin.
  • Any file in /etc/paths.d — commonly used by installers to make the executable files they provide available from the shell without touching system-wide or user-specific configuration files. These files simply contain one path per line. e.g., /Programs/Mozilla/Calendar/bin.

External Links:

Environment Variables in XP
Windows XP Service Pack 2 Support Tools (Includes setx)
Environment Variables in Windows Vista and Windows 7
Adding executables to the Run Dialog Box
Mac OSX Tips — Setting Environment Variables
TLDP: Path Howto

The PATH is the system variable in the Windows Operating System.

It contains the executables files path to run them from the command line or Terminal window.

NOTE: Making changes to the system PATH variable is typically not necessary for computers running Windows or Mac OS X. If you are sure about the executable files then you can do it.

In this article we are going to see:

  • Understand Environment Variables
  • Set Environment Variable
  • Command Error Messages
    • ‘PHP’ is not recognized as an internal or external command
    • ‘MySql’ is not recognized as an internal or external command
    • ‘Node’ is not recognized as an internal or external command
    • ‘NPM’ is not recognized as an internal or external command
    • ‘WP’ is not recognized as an internal or external command
  • Frequently Asked Questions
    • What is an environment variable?
    • What is the PATH environment variable?
    • How can I view my PATH environment variable?
    • How can I add a directory to my PATH environment variable?
    • What happens if I have multiple directories with the same executable file in my PATH environment variable?
    • What is the default value of the PATH environment variable?

Windows Environment Variables PATH 1

Understand Environment Variables Understand Environment Variables

Most of us face some of the below issues while developing.

Example 1: PHP – Set Environment Variable

We know that PHP is a server-side scripting language. But, We can execute the PHP script through the command link too.

So, Without time waste, Let’s execute the PHP script through the command line with the below example.

Note: I assume that you have a local host server XAMPP, MAMP, WAMP, VVV, Local By Flywheel, or something else.

  • Step 1: Create a file test.php in c:\xampp\htdocs\examples
  • Step 2: Copy and paste the below code into the file test.php
<?php
echo 'Hello World';
  • Step 3: Open Command Prompt or terminal
  • Step 4: Type the command cd c:\xampp\htdocs\examples
  • Step 5: Type the command php test.php

You may see the below error:

'php' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
 operable program or batch file.

Why? Why do we get an error?

Because by default Windows operating system does not have any inbuild php command.

Jetpack

Now, Before making the PHP command in working condition lets us understands a few things:

First, locate the executable PHP file called php.exe.

I have installed XAMPP, which is installed on the location C:\xampp\

and the location of my php.exe file is in C:\xampp\php\php.exe

Okay.

Now, In Step 5 we used the command:

php test.php

Instead of the above command try:

C:\xampp\php\php.exe test.php

you can see something like the below:

c:\xampp\htdocs\examples>C:\xampp\php\php.exe test.php
Hello World 

Yup! we see that our text Hello World is now printed in the terminal window.

Now, Understand that the file php.exe execute the code from the PHP file test.php.

So, If we don’t have set the environment path then we can use the C:\xampp\php\php.exe test.php instead of php test.php.

But, Always use the path C:\xampp\php\php.exe is it more time-consuming?

So, Let’s add our executable PHP file path C:\xampp\php\ into the windows environment variable to make php command as a recognized command.

Windows Environment Variables PATH 2

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Set Environment Variable Set Environment Variable

  • Step 1: Search for “system environment variables” and click on it.
  • Step 2: Click “Environment Variables”. In the section System Variables,
  • Step 3: Select the “Path” from “System Variables” and click edit.
  • Step 4: Click “New” and add the path “C:\xampp\php\” and click “Ok”.
  • Step 5: Close or Reopen the Command prompt window.

Check the below image for reference:

Windows Environment Path Flow

Windows Environment Path Flow

Now, Execute our PHP file test.php with the below steps:

  • Step 1: Type the command cd c:\xampp\htdocs\examples
  • Step 2: Type the command php test.php

You can see something like this below:

c:\xampp\htdocs\examples>php test.php
 Hello World

Now, We don’t need to use C:\xampp\php\php.exe.

WordPress.com

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Command Error Messages Command Error Messages

Below are the most common error messages while trying to use commands.

NOTE: All below error will fix if we set their executable files path into the window’s environment path.

‘PHP’ is not recognized as an internal or external command ‘PHP’ is not recognized as an internal or external command

'PHP' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.

Read more fixing the PHP is not a recognized internal or external command

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‘MySql’ is not recognized as an internal or external command ‘MySql’ is not recognized as an internal or external command

'mysql' is not recognized as an internal or external command,<br>operable program or batch file.

Read more fixing MySQL is not a recognized internal or external command

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‘Node’ is not recognized as an internal or external command ‘Node’ is not recognized as an internal or external command

'node' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.

Read more fixing Node is not a recognized internal or external command

Top ↑

‘NPM’ is not recognized as an internal or external command ‘NPM’ is not recognized as an internal or external command

'NPM' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.

Read more fixing NPM is not a recognized internal or external command

Top ↑

‘WP’ is not recognized as an internal or external command ‘WP’ is not recognized as an internal or external command

'wp' is not recognized as an internal or external command,<br>operable program or batch file.

Read more about installing and using the WP CLI on Windows Operating System.

Windows Environment Variables PATH 2

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Frequently Asked Questions Frequently Asked Questions

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What is an environment variable? What is an environment variable?

An environment variable is a dynamic value that can affect how programs and processes run on a computer.

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What is the PATH environment variable? What is the PATH environment variable?

The PATH environment variable is a variable that contains a list of directories separated by semicolons.

It is used by the operating system to locate executable files.

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How can I view my PATH environment variable? How can I view my PATH environment variable?

In Windows, you can view the PATH environment variable by opening the Command Prompt and typing “echo %PATH%“.

In Unix-based systems, you can type “echo $PATH” in the Terminal.

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How can I add a directory to my PATH environment variable? How can I add a directory to my PATH environment variable?

In Windows, you can add a directory to your PATH environment variable by going to System Properties > Advanced > Environment Variables, selecting the “PATH” variable, and clicking “Edit”.

Then, add the directory you want to include at the end of the list, separated by a semicolon.

In Unix-based systems, you can add a directory to your PATH environment variable by editing the ~/.bashrc or ~/.bash_profile file and adding the directory to the PATH variable.

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What happens if I have multiple directories with the same executable file in my PATH environment variable? What happens if I have multiple directories with the same executable file in my PATH environment variable?

When you run the executable file, the operating system will execute the first instance of the file that it finds in the directories listed in your PATH environment variable.

To ensure that the correct version of the file is being used, you can reorder the directories in your PATH variable to prioritize the directory containing the correct version of the file.

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What is the default value of the PATH environment variable? What is the default value of the PATH environment variable?

The default value of the PATH environment variable varies depending on the operating system and the version.

In Windows, the default value typically includes directories such as C:\Windows\System32 and C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0.

In Unix-based systems, the default value typically includes directories such as /usr/local/bin and /usr/bin.

Jetpack

Что такое вообще переменная среды?

Когда операционная система запускает какую-нибудь программу, она стартует новый процесс и каким-то образом передаёт ему информацию о настройках среды, или окружения (в английском языке используется термин environment). Эта информация состоит из набора переменных, содержащих некоторые значения. Процесс может получить эти значения, обратившись к нужной переменной по имени. Например, чтобы узнать, где находится директория, которую операционная система рекомендует использовать для хранения временных файлов, необходимо получить значение переменной среды TEMP.

Как посмотреть значения переменных среды?

В консоли Windows можно посмотреть значение этой переменной, выполнив команду echo %TEMP%, в консоли PowerShell необходимо для этого выполнить команду echo $Env:TEMP, а в консоли Linux или MacOS – команду echo $TEMP.

Если вы пишете программу на языке программирования Python, значение этой переменной можно получить так:

import os
temp = os.environ["TEMP"]

В языке Java это можно сделать следующим образом:

String temp = System.getenv().get("TEMP");

В языке C# аналогичное действие выглядит следующим образом:

string temp = System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP");

На что влияет переменная среды PATH?

При помощи переменных среды можно передавать информацию не только запускаемым процессам, но и самой операционной системе. Она тоже читает и использует значения переменных среды, поэтому можно управлять некоторыми аспектами поведения операционной системы, изменяя эти переменные.

Переменная PATH содержит список директорий, в которых операционная система пытается искать исполняемые файлы, если пользователь при запуске не указал явно путь к нужному исполняемому файлу.

Давайте представим себе, что на компьютере с операционной системой Windows установлено две разных версии интерпретатора языка программирования Python. Это можно сделать, если установить их в разные директории, например, C:\Python27 и C:\Python34. Исполняемый файл для обоих версий называется python.exe.

Для того, чтобы запустить исполняемый файл нужной версии, можно указать полный путь к нему, например, C:\Python34\python.exe:

Но каждый раз указывать полный путь лень, да ещё и помнить его надо.

Альтернатива – добавить в переменную среды PATH путь к директории, где находится этот исполняемый файл, и тогда его можно будет запускать, указывая только имя. А чтобы узнать, где он (по мнению операционной системы) находится, можно использовать команду where в операционной системе Windows либо команду which в операционной системе Linux или MacOS.

Переменная PATH содержит список директорий, в которых операционная система должна искать исполняемые файлы. В качестве разделителя используется точка с запятой (;) в операционной системе Windows и двоеточие (:) в операционных системах Linux и MacOS.

Обратите внимание, что в переменную PATH нужно добавлять не пути к исполняемым файлам, а пути к директориям, где они находятся!

Переменная PATH и программы-утилиты

Не обязательно добавлять в переменную PATH пути ко всем директориям, в которых находятся исполняемые файлы на вашем компьютере. Скорее всего большинство программ вы запускаете “через меню старт”. На этот способ запуска переменная PATH никакого влияния не оказывает. Её важно настроить так, чтобы можно было быстро и удобно запускать программы из консоли.

Например, в эту переменную обычно включается путь к “стандартным” местам, где расположены различные программы-утилиты. В операционной системе Windows это директория C:\Windows\system32, в операционных системах Linux и MacOS директория /usr/bin.

Именно благодаря этому мы можем, например, в консоли Windows использовать утилиту find для поиска файлов или утилиту telnet для установления удалённого соединения по одноимённому протоколу, просто указывая их имя, а не полный путь c:\Windows\system32\telnet.exe.

Когда у вас появляется новая программа-утилита, возникает вопрос – куда её поместить? С одной стороны, её можно положить в C:\Windows\system32 или /usr/bin. Но если вы не любите “засорять” стандартные директории, тогда сделайте какую-нибудь специальную директорию, складывайте все такие программы в неё, и добавьте путь к этой директории в переменную среды PATH.

Как изменять значения переменных среды?

Инструкция для разных версий операционной системы Windows

Пользователям других операционных систем предлагаю погуглить :)

Переменную поменял, но эффекта нет. Почему?

Когда вы меняете значение некоторой переменной среды, об этом узнаёт только операционная система. При запуске новых программ она сообщит им новые значения переменных. Но ранее запущенные программы будут продолжать использовать те значения переменных среды, которые были актуальны на момент запуска программы.

Поэтому после изменения переменных среды придётся перезапустить те программы, которым необходимо сообщить новые значения переменных.


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