In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to install PostgreSQL 14.7 on Windows 10.
The process is straightforward and consists of the following steps:
- Install PostgreSQL
- Configure Environment Variables
- Verify the Installation
- Download the Northwind PostgreSQL SQL file
- Create a New PostgreSQL Database
- Import the Northwind SQL file
- Verify the Northwind database installation
- Connect to the Database Using Jupyter Notebook
Prerequisites
- A computer running Windows 10
- Internet connection
- Download the official PostgreSQL 14.7 at https://get.enterprisedb.com/postgresql/postgresql-14.7-2-windows-x64.exe
- Save the installer executable to your computer and run the installer.
Note: We recommend version 14.7 because it is commonly used. There are newer versions available, but their features vary substantially!
Step 1: Install PostgreSQL
We’re about to initiate a vital part of this project — installing and configuring PostgreSQL.
Throughout this process, you’ll define critical settings like the installation directory, components, data directory, and the initial ‘postgres’ user password. This password grants administrative access to your PostgreSQL system. Additionally, you’ll choose the default port for connections and the database cluster locale.
Each choice affects your system’s operation, file storage, available tools, and security. We’re here to guide you through each decision to ensure optimal system functioning.
-
In the PostgreSQL Setup Wizard, click Next to begin the installation process.
-
Accept the default installation directory or choose a different directory by clicking Browse. Click Next to continue.
-
Choose the components you want to install (e.g., PostgreSQL Server, pgAdmin 4 (optional), Stack Builder (optional), Command Line Tools),no characters will appear on the screen as you type your password and click Next.
-
Select the data directory for storing your databases and click Next.
-
Set a password for the PostgreSQL “postgres” user and click Next.
-
There will be some points where you’re asked to enter a password in the command prompt. It’s important to note that for security reasons, as you type your password, no characters will appear on the screen. This standard security feature is designed to prevent anyone from looking over your shoulder and seeing your password. So, when you’re prompted for your password, don’t be alarmed if you don’t see any response on the screen as you type. Enter your password and press ‘Enter’. Most systems will allow you to re-enter the password if you make a mistake.
-
Remember, it’s crucial to remember the password you set during the installation, as you’ll need it to connect to your PostgreSQL databases in the future.
-
-
Choose the default port number (5432) or specify a different port, then click Next.
-
Select the locale to be used by the new database cluster and click Next.
-
Review the installation settings and click Next to start the installation process. The installation may take a few minutes.
-
Once the installation is complete, click Finish to close the Setup Wizard.
Step 2: Configure Environment Variables
Next, we’re going to configure environment variables on your Windows system. Why are we doing this? Well, environment variables are a powerful feature of operating systems that allow us to specify values — like directory locations — that can be used by multiple applications. In our case, we need to ensure that our system can locate the PostgreSQL executable files stored in the «bin» folder of the PostgreSQL directory.
By adding the PostgreSQL «bin» folder path to the system’s PATH environment variable, we’re telling our operating system where to find these executables. This means you’ll be able to run PostgreSQL commands directly from the command line, no matter what directory you’re in, because the system will know where to find the necessary files. This makes working with PostgreSQL more convenient and opens up the possibility of running scripts that interact with PostgreSQL.
Now, let’s get started with the steps to configure your environment variables on Windows!
-
On the Windows taskbar, right-click the Windows icon and select System.
-
Click on Advanced system settings in the left pane.
-
In the System Properties dialog, click on the Environment Variables button.
-
Under the System Variables section, scroll down and find the Path variable. Click on it to select it, then click the Edit button.
-
In the Edit environment variable dialog, click the New button and add the path to the PostgreSQL bin folder, typically
C:\\Program Files\\PostgreSQL\\14\\bin
. -
Click OK to close the «Edit environment variable» dialog, then click OK again to close the «Environment Variables» dialog, and finally click OK to close the «System Properties» dialog.
Step 3: Verify the Installation
After going through the installation and configuration process, it’s essential to verify that PostgreSQL is correctly installed and accessible. This gives us the assurance that the software is properly set up and ready to use, which can save us from troubleshooting issues later when we start interacting with databases.
If something went wrong during installation, this verification process will help you spot the problem early before creating or managing databases.
Now, let’s go through the steps to verify your PostgreSQL installation.
- Open the Command Prompt by pressing Win + R, typing cmd, and pressing Enter.
- Type
psql --version
and press Enter. You should see the PostgreSQL version number you installed if the installation was successful. - To connect to the PostgreSQL server, type
psql -U postgres
and press Enter. - When prompted, enter the password you set for the postgres user during installation. You should now see the postgres=# prompt, indicating you are connected to the PostgreSQL server.
Step 4: Download the Northwind PostgreSQL SQL File
Now, we’re going to introduce you to the Northwind database and help you download it. The Northwind database is a sample database originally provided by Microsoft for its Access Database Management System. It’s based on a fictitious company named «Northwind Traders,» and it contains data on their customers, orders, products, suppliers, and other aspects of the business. In our case, we’ll be working with a version of Northwind that has been adapted for PostgreSQL.
The following steps will guide you on how to download this PostgreSQL-compatible version of the Northwind database from GitHub to your local machine. Let’s get started:
First, you need to download a version of the Northwind database that’s compatible with PostgreSQL. You can find an adapted version on GitHub. To download the SQL file, follow these steps:
-
Open your Terminal application.
-
Create a new directory for the Northwind database and navigate to it:
mkdir northwind && cd northwind
-
Download the Northwind PostgreSQL SQL file using curl:
curl -O <https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pthom/northwind_psql/master/northwind.sql>
This will download the
northwind.sql
file to thenorthwind
directory you created.
Step 5: Create a New PostgreSQL Database
Now that we’ve downloaded the Northwind SQL file, it’s time to prepare our PostgreSQL server to host this data. The next steps will guide you in creating a new database on your PostgreSQL server, a crucial prerequisite before importing the Northwind SQL file.
Creating a dedicated database for the Northwind data is good practice as it isolates these data from other databases in your PostgreSQL server, facilitating better organization and management of your data. These steps involve connecting to the PostgreSQL server as the postgres
user, creating the northwind
database, and then exiting the PostgreSQL command-line interface.
Let’s proceed with creating your new database:
-
Connect to the PostgreSQL server as the
postgres
user:psql -U postgres
-
Create a new database called
northwind
:postgres-# CREATE DATABASE northwind;
-
Exit the
psql
command-line interface:postgres-# \\q
Step 6: Import the Northwind SQL File
We’re now ready to import the Northwind SQL file into our newly created northwind
database. This step is crucial as it populates our database with the data from the Northwind SQL file, which we will use for our PostgreSQL learning journey.
These instructions guide you through the process of ensuring you’re in the correct directory in your Terminal and executing the command to import the SQL file. This command will connect to the PostgreSQL server, target the northwind
database, and run the SQL commands contained in the northwind.sql
file.
Let’s move ahead and breathe life into our northwind
database with the data it needs!
With the northwind
database created, you can import the Northwind SQL file using psql
. Follow these steps:
- In your Terminal, ensure you’re in the
northwind
directory where you downloaded thenorthwind.sql
file. -
Run the following command to import the Northwind SQL file into the
northwind
database:psql -U postgres -d northwind -f northwind.sql
This command connects to the PostgreSQL server as the
postgres
user, selects thenorthwind
database, and executes the SQL commands in thenorthwind.sql
file.
Step 7: Verify the Northwind Database Installation
You’ve successfully created your northwind
database and imported the Northwind SQL file. Next, we must ensure everything was installed correctly, and our database is ready for use.
These upcoming steps will guide you on connecting to your northwind
database, listing its tables, running a sample query, and finally, exiting the command-line interface. Checking the tables and running a sample query will give you a sneak peek into the data you now have and verify that the data was imported correctly. This means we can ensure everything is in order before diving into more complex operations and analyses.
To verify that the Northwind database has been installed correctly, follow these steps:
-
Connect to the
northwind
database usingpsql
:psql -U postgres -d northwind
-
List the tables in the Northwind database:
postgres-# \\dt
You should see a list of Northwind tables: categories, customers, employees, orders, and more.
-
Run a sample query to ensure the data has been imported correctly. For example, you can query the
customers
table:postgres-# SELECT * FROM customers LIMIT 5;
This should return the first five rows from the
customers
table. -
Exit the
psql
command-line interface:postgres-# \\q
Congratulations! You’ve successfully installed the Northwind database in PostgreSQL using an SQL file and psql
.
Step 8: Connect to the Database Using Jupyter Notebook
As we wrap up our installation, we will now introduce Jupyter Notebook as one of the tools available for executing SQL queries and analyzing the Northwind database. Jupyter Notebook offers a convenient and interactive platform that simplifies the visualization and sharing of query results, but it’s important to note that it is an optional step. You can also access Postgres through other means. However, we highly recommend using Jupyter Notebook for its numerous benefits and enhanced user experience.
To set up the necessary tools and establish a connection to the Northwind database, here is an overview of what each step will do:
-
!pip install ipython-sql
: This command installs theipython-sql
package. This package enables you to write SQL queries directly in your Jupyter Notebook, making it easier to execute and visualize the results of your queries within the notebook environment. -
%load_ext sql
: This magic command loads thesql
extension for IPython. By loading this extension, you can use the SQL magic commands, such as%sql
and%%sql
, to run SQL queries directly in the Jupyter Notebook cells. -
%sql postgresql://postgres@localhost:5432/northwind
: This command establishes a connection to the Northwind database using the PostgreSQL database system. The connection string has the following format:postgresql://username@hostname:port/database_name
In this case,
username
ispostgres
,hostname
islocalhost
,port
is5432
, anddatabase_name
isnorthwind
. The%sql
magic command allows you to run a single-line SQL query in the Jupyter Notebook. -
Copy the following text into a code cell in the Jupyter Notebook:
!pip install ipython-sql
%load_ext sql
%sql postgresql://postgres@localhost:5432/northwind
On Windows you may need to try the following command because you need to provide the password you set for the “postgres” user during installation:
%sql postgresql://postgres:{password}@localhost:5432/northwind
Bear in mind that it’s considered best practice not to include sensitive information like passwords directly in files that could be shared or accidentally exposed. Instead, you can store your password securely using environment variables or a password management system (we’ll link to some resources at the end of this guide if you are interested in doing this).
-
Run the cell by either:
- Clicking the «Run» button on the menu bar.
- Using the keyboard shortcut:
Shift + Enter
orCtrl + Enter
.
-
Upon successful connection, you should see an output similar to the following:
'Connected: postgres@northwind'
This output confirms that you are now connected to the Northwind database, and you can proceed with the guided project in your Jupyter Notebook environment.
Once you execute these commands, you’ll be connected to the Northwind database, and you can start writing SQL queries in your Jupyter Notebook using the %sql
or %%sql
magic commands.
Next Steps
Based on what you’ve accomplished, here are some potential next steps to continue your learning journey:
- Deepen Your SQL Knowledge:
- Try formulating more complex queries on the Northwind database to improve your SQL skills. These could include joins, subqueries, and aggregations.
- Understand the design of the Northwind database: inspect the tables, their relationships, and how data is structured.
- Experiment with Database Management:
- Learn how to backup and restore databases in PostgreSQL. Try creating a backup of your Northwind database.
- Explore different ways to optimize your PostgreSQL database performance like indexing and query optimization.
- Integration with Python:
- Learn how to use
psycopg2
, a popular PostgreSQL adapter for Python, to interact with your database programmatically. - Experiment with ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) libraries like
SQLAlchemy
to manage your database using Python.
- Learn how to use
- Security and Best Practices:
- Learn about database security principles and apply them to your PostgreSQL setup.
- Understand best practices for storing sensitive information, like using
.env
files for environment variables. - For more guidance on securely storing passwords, you might find the following resources helpful:
- Using Environment Variables in Python
- Python Secret Module
Summary: in this tutorial, you will step by step learn how to install PostgreSQL on your local system.
- Install PostgreSQL on macOS
- Install PostgreSQL on Linux
PostgreSQL was developed for UNIX-like platforms, however, it was designed to be portable. It means that PostgreSQL can also run on other platforms such as macOS, Solaris, and Windows.
Since version 8.0, PostgreSQL offers an installer for Windows systems that makes the installation process easier and faster. For development purposes, we will install PostgreSQL version 12 on Windows 10.
There are three steps to complete the PostgreSQL installation:
- Download PostgreSQL installer for Windows
- Install PostgreSQL
- Verify the installation
1) Download PostgreSQL Installer for Windows
First, you need to go to the download page of PostgreSQL installers on the EnterpriseDB.
Second, click the download link as shown below:
It will take a few minutes to complete the download.
2) Install PostgreSQL on Window step by step
To install PostgreSQL on Windows, you need to have administrator privileges.
Step 1. Double click on the installer file, an installation wizard will appear and guide you through multiple steps where you can choose different options that you would like to have in PostgreSQL.
Step 2. Click the Next button
Step 3. Specify installation folder, choose your own or keep the default folder suggested by PostgreSQL installer and click the Next button
Step 4. Select software components to install:
- The PostgreSQL Server to install the PostgreSQL database server
- pgAdmin 4 to install the PostgreSQL database GUI management tool.
- Command Line Tools to install command-line tools such as psql, pg_restore, etc. These tools allow you to interact with the PostgreSQL database server using the command-line interface.
- Stack Builder provides a GUI that allows you to download and install drivers that work with PostgreSQL.
For the tutorial on this website, you don’t need to install Stack Builder so feel free to uncheck it and click the Next button to select the data directory:
Step 5. Select the database directory to store the data or accept the default folder. And click the Next button to go to the next step:
Step 6. Enter the password for the database superuser (postgres)
PostgreSQL runs as a service in the background under a service account named postgres
. If you already created a service account with the name postgres
, you need to provide the password of that account in the following window.
After entering the password, you need to retype it to confirm and click the Next button:
Step 7. Enter a port number on which the PostgreSQL database server will listen. The default port of PostgreSQL is 5432. You need to make sure that no other applications are using this port.
Step 8. Choose the default locale used by the PostgreSQL database. If you leave it as default locale, PostgreSQL will use the operating system locale. After that click the Next button.
Step 9. The setup wizard will show the summary information of PostgreSQL. You need to review it and click the Next button if everything is correct. Otherwise, you need to click the Back button to change the configuration accordingly.
Now, you’re ready to install PostgreSQL on your computer. Click the Next button to begin installing PostgreSQL.
The installation may take a few minutes to complete.
Step 10. Click the Finish button to complete the PostgreSQL installation.
3) Verify the Installation
There are several ways to verify the PostgreSQL installation. You can try to connect to the PostgreSQL database server from any client application e.g., psql and pgAdmin.
The quick way to verify the installation is through the psql program.
First, click the psql
application to launch it. The psql command-line program will display.
Second, enter all the necessary information such as the server, database, port, username, and password. To accept the default, you can press Enter. Note that you should provide the password that you entered during installing the PostgreSQL.
Server [localhost]:
Database [postgres]:
Port [5432]:
Username [postgres]:
Password for user postgres:
psql (12.3)
WARNING: Console code page (437) differs from Windows code page (1252)
8-bit characters might not work correctly. See psql reference
page "Notes for Windows users" for details.
Type "help" for help.
postgres=#
Code language: Shell Session (shell)
Third, issue the command SELECT version();
you will see the following output:
Congratulation! you’ve successfully installed PostgreSQL database server on your local system. Let’s learn various ways to connect to PostgreSQL database server.
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Interactive installer by EDB
Download the installer
certified by EDB for all supported PostgreSQL versions.
Note! This installer is hosted by EDB and not on the PostgreSQL community servers.
If you have issues with the website it’s hosted on, please contact
webmaster@enterprisedb.com.
This installer includes the PostgreSQL server, pgAdmin; a graphical tool for managing and developing
your databases, and StackBuilder; a package manager that can be used to download and install
additional PostgreSQL tools and drivers. Stackbuilder includes management,
integration, migration, replication, geospatial, connectors and other tools.
This installer can run in graphical or silent install modes.
The installer is designed to be a straightforward, fast way to get up and running with
PostgreSQL on Windows.
Advanced users can also download a
zip archive
of the binaries, without the installer.
This download is intended for users who wish to include PostgreSQL as part of another application installer.
Platform support
The installers are tested by EDB on the following platforms.
They can generally be expected to run on other comparable versions,
for example, desktop releases of Windows:
PostgreSQL Version | 64 Bit Windows Platforms | 32 Bit Windows Platforms |
---|---|---|
16 | 2022, 2019 | |
15 | 2019, 2016 | |
14 | 2019, 2016 | |
13 | 2019, 2016 | |
12 | 2019, 2016, 2012 R2 | |
11 | 2019, 2016, 2012 R2 | |
10 | 2016, 2012 R2 & R1, 7, 8, 10 | 2008 R1, 7, 8, 10 |
This is a step-by-step guide to install PostgreSQL on a windows machine. Since PostgreSQL version 8.0, a window installer is available to make the installation process fairly easier.
We will be installing PostgreSQL version 11.3 on Windows 10 in this article.
There are three crucial steps for the installation of PostgreSQL as follows:
- Download PostgreSQL installer for Windows
- Install PostgreSQL
- Verify the installation
Downloading PostgreSQL Installer for Windows
You can download the latest stable PostgreSQL Installer specific to your Windows by clicking here
Installing the PostgreSQL installer
After downloading the installer double click on it and follow the below steps:
- Step 1: Click the Next button
- Step 2: Choose the installation folder, where you want PostgreSQL to be installed, and click on Next.
- Step 3: Select the components as per your requirement to install and click the Next button.
- Step 4: Select the database directory where you want to store the data and click on Next.
- Step 5: Set the password for the database superuser (Postgres)
- Step 6: Set the port for PostgreSQL. Make sure that no other applications are using this port. If unsure leave it to its default (5432) and click on Next.
- Step 7: Choose the default locale used by the database and click the Next button.
- Step 8: Click the Next button to start the installation.
- Wait for the installation to complete, it might take a few minutes.
- Step 9: Click the Finish button to complete the PostgreSQL installation.
Verifying the Installation of PostgreSQL
There are couple of ways to verify the installation of PostgreSQL like connecting to the database server using some client applications like pgAdmin or psql.
The quickest way though is to use the psql shell. For that follow the below steps:
- Step 1: Search for the psql shell in the windows search bar and open it.
- Step 2: Enter all the necessary information like the server, database, port, username, and
password and press Enter. - Step 3: Use the command SELECT version(); you will see the following result:
Last Updated :
01 Mar, 2023
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You will study in detail the process of installing PostgreSQL 12 on Windows 10.
In addition, we will also install and configure pgAdmin 4, which is a standard and free graphical tool for PostgreSQL DBMS management that we can use for writing SQL queries, developing procedures, functions, as well as for PostgreSQL administration.
What is PostgreSQL?
PostgreSQL is a free object-relational database management system (DBMS). PostgreSQL is implemented for many operating systems such as: BSD, Linux, macOS, Solaris and Windows.
PostgreSQL uses the PL/pgSQL language.
PL/pgSQL is a procedural extension of the SQL language, developed and used in PostgreSQL DBMS.
PL/pgSQL language is designed to create functions, triggers, it adds control structures to SQL language, and it helps us to perform complex calculations.
PostgreSQL is one of the most popular database management systems (TOP 5 popular database management systems).
At the time of writing, the most up-to-date version of PostgreSQL 12 is the one we will be installing.
System requirements for PostgreSQL 12 installation on Windows
PostgreSQL 12 can not be installed on all versions of Windows, in particular, the following versions are officially supported and only 64-bit:
- Windows Server 2012 R2;
- Windows Server 2016;
- Windows Server 2019.
As you can see, there’s no Windows 10 on the official list, but installation on this system goes smoothly, as does subsequent PostgreSQL functioning.
In addition, there are other requirements:
- Processor with at least 1 GHz;
- 2 gigabytes of RAM;
- At least 512 megabytes of free disk space (more for installing additional components is recommended);
- It is also recommended that all Windows operating system updates be installed.
Installing PostgreSQL 12 and pgAdmin 4 on Windows 10
So let’s move on to the installation process and look at all the steps that need to be followed in order to install PostgreSQL 12 and pgAdmin 4 on Windows 10.
Step 1 – Downloading the installer for Windows
As mentioned earlier, PostgreSQL is implemented for many platforms, but since we will be installing PostgreSQL on Windows, we need a Windows installer accordingly. You can of course download this distribution from the official PostgreSQL website, here is the download page – https://www.postgresql.org/download/windows/.
After going to the page you need to click on the link “Download the installer”, as a result you will be taken to the site of EnterpriseDB, which prepares graphical distributions of PostgreSQL for many platforms, including Windows, so you can immediately go to this site, here is the link to the download page https://www.enterprisedb.com/downloads/postgres-postgresql-downloads.
Here you need to select the PostgreSQL version and platform, in our case choose PostgreSQL 12 and Windows x86-64.
As a result, you should download the file postgresql-12.2-2-windows-x64.exe with the size of about 191 Mbytes (version 12.2-2 is available at the time of writing).
Step 2 – Starting the PostgreSQL installer
Now in order to start the installation you need to run the downloaded file (PostgreSQL installation requires administrator rights).
After the launch, a welcome screen will open, click “Next”.
Step 3 – Specify the directory to install PostgreSQL 12
Next, if necessary, we can specify the path to the directory where we want to install PostgreSQL 12, but we can leave it by default. Click “Next”.
Step 4 – Choose components for installation
Then select the components that we need to install, to do this we leave the checkboxes for the components that we need, and be sure we need PostgreSQL Server and pgAdmin 4.
You can install the command line utilities and Stack Builder on your own, i.e. you can not install them. Press “Next.”
Step 5 – Specify a directory to store database files
On this step, we need to specify the directory where the database files will be located by default.
In the case of a test installation, for example, for training, you can leave it by default, but “combat” databases should always be stored in a separate location, so if you plan to use the PostgreSQL server for some other purposes, it is better to specify a separate disk.
Click “Next”.
Step 6 – Set a password for the postgres system user
Next we need to set a password for a postgres user – this is a PostgreSQL Server administrator with maximum rights.
We enter and confirm the password. Click “Next”.
Step 7 – Specify the port for your PostgreSQL instance
On this step, if necessary, we can change the port on which PostgreSQL Server will work, if you do not have such a need, then leave it by default.
Click “Next”.
Step 8 – Specify the encoding in the database
Then we can specify a specific data encoding in the database, for this purpose we need to select the desired Locale from the drop-down list.
However, you can also leave it by default by clicking “Next”.
Step 9 – Checking PostgreSQL installation parameters
Everything is ready for installation, at this step we check the parameters we entered earlier and if everything is correct, i.e. everything we entered, we press “Next”.
Step 10 – Start the installation process
Next you will see another additional window where we must click “Next” to start the PostgreSQL installation process on your computer.
The installation has begun, it will last literally one minute.
Step 11 – Finishing the installation
When the “Completing the PostgreSQL Setup Wizard” message window is displayed, the installation of PostgreSQL 12, pgAdmin 4 and other components will be completed.
Also in this window we will be offered to run Stack Builder to download and install additional components, if you do not need it, then uncheck “Lanch Stack Builder at exit?
Click “Finish”.
Run and configure pgAdmin 4
PostgreSQL 12 and pgAdmin 4 we have installed, now let’s start pgAdmin 4, connect to the server and configure the pgAdmin work environment.
To start pgAdmin 4, go to the start menu, find PostgreSQL 12 and pgAdmin 4 in it.
Connecting to the PostgreSQL 12 server
pgAdmin 4 has a web interface, so as a result you should run your browser and open the pgAdmin 4 application.
The first time you start pgAdmin 4, you will see a “Set Master Password” window, where we must set a “master password”, this may not be done, but if we save the user’s password (“Save password” checkbox), for example, so that every time you connect you do not need to enter it, it is strongly recommended to invent and specify an additional password here, it is done once.
Enter it and click “OK”.
To connect to the newly installed local PostgreSQL server in the server browser, click on “PostgreSQL 12”.
The “Connect to Server” window will start, where you need to enter the password of the postgres system user, i.e. this is the password that you invented when you installed PostgreSQL.
Enter the password, tick “Save Password” to save the password and each time you do not enter it (thanks to the “master password” functionality, all passwords saved in this way will be additionally encrypted).
Click on “OK”.
As a result you will connect to the local PostgreSQL 12 server and see all the objects that are located on this server.
In order to make sure that our PostgreSQL server is running, let’s write a simple SELECT query that will show us the PostgreSQL server version.
To write SQL queries in pgAdmin 4, you can use Query Tool or Russian “Query”, you can run it using the icon on the panel or from the menu “Tools”.
After you open the Query Tool, write.
SELECT VERSION()
This query shows the PostgreSQL version. As you can see, everything works!
How to Install PostgreSQL 12 and pgAdmin 4 on Windows 10
Tags: PostgreSQL, PostgreSQL 12, PostgreSQL data types