Копирование файлов в cmd windows

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Using copy command, we can copy files from one directory to another directory. This command is similar to the Linux cp command, but it does not match with the full functionality of cp. Windows copy command can be used to copy files only, we can’t copy directories.

The syntax and usecases of copy command are explained below with examples.

Copy the contents of a file to another file

copy sourceFile destinationFile

Example: To copy a file from c:\data\file1.doc to D:\backup\file2.doc

copy c:\data\file1.doc D:\backup\file2.doc

If the destination file already exists you will be prompted for confirmation. To suppress this confirmation you can use /Y switch with copy command. This would be useful if you are executing copy command from a batch file.

c\> copy /Y c:\dir1\subdir1\file1.txt  c:\dir2\subdir2\file2.txt

If the destination file exists, the above command will overwrite the same without asking the user for confirmation.

Copy file to another directory

When we specify a directory path as the destination, the files will be copied with the same name. We can assign a different name by specifying the new name in the destination path. Example is shown below.

To copy the file 1.doc loated at c:\data\documents to the directory c:\data\newdocs

c\> copy c:\data\documents\1.doc  c:\data\newdocs\

Copy files with white space in name

If the file name has white space within it, we can wrap up the name in double quotes.
Example: To copy file, my resume.doc to another folder

 copy "my resume.doc"  D:\data\

Copy multiple files

We can’t specify multiple file names in copy command. However, we can use wildcards to identify a group of files and then copy all of them in a single command.
For example, to copy all excel files from current folder to another folder F:\backup

copy *.xls F:\backup\

To copy all files in current folder to another folder

copy *   D:\dir1\dir2

Use of environment variables

We can use environment variables in the copy command to specify the path of the folders. Like USERPROFILE, SystemRoot, ProgramFiles, TEMP, WINDIR, APPDATA, HOMEPATH.

For example, to copy a file to a user’s documents folder

Copy D:\file.pdf %HOMEPATH%\Documents\

The above command copies the file to the My Documents folder of the current logged in user.

You may also want to read

• Xcopy command syntax and examples
• Robocopy command

The copy Command Prompt command duplicates a file, storing the second version in a different location of your choosing.

Use the command to copy a file using its specific name and file extension or use a wildcard to copy groups of files at once, regardless of the file names or extensions. Some other command options include verification that the files were copied correctly and suppression of prompts to overwrite files of the same name.

Copy Command Availability

The copy command is available from within the Command Prompt in Windows 11, Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP, as well as from the Advanced Startup Options and System Recovery Options repair/recovery menus.

Copy Command Syntax

The command accepts the following general form:

copy [/d] [/v] [/n] [/y | /-y] [/z] [/l] [/a | /b] source [/a | /b] [+ source [/a | /b] [+ …]] [destination [/a | /b]] [/?]

Append files by choosing several source files but just one destination file.

Copy Command Examples

Below are several examples of how to use the copy command:

Copy to a Different Folder

copy Z:\Software\program.iso C:\Users\Jon\Downloads\Programs\

The copies program.iso from the Z: drive to the user’s Programs folder.

Take note of the space between these two commands. It’s not obvious at first, but the only spaces in this example of the copy command are after copy and between the source and destination files.

Copy and Rename

copy Y:\install\j93n.exe Y:\more\m1284.msi

You can use the copy command to rename a file and even change its file extension. In this example, the j93n.exe file copies to a new folder on the Y: drive as m1284.msi.

copy D:\i386\atapi.sy_ C:\Windows\atapi.sys

In the above example, the atapi.sy_ file, located in the i386 folder on the Windows XP installation CD, is copied to the C:\Windows directory as atapi.sys.

Unlike the Y: drive example above, this one is a bit more realistic, since copying files like that from a disc is a common practice when fixing some specific Windows problems.

Copy to Current Path

copy D:\readme.htm

In this example, the copy command has no destination specified, so the readme.htm file is copied to whatever directory you typed the copy command from.

For example, if you type copy d:\readme.htm from the C:\Windows> prompt, that HTM file will be copied to C:\Windows.

Copy Only Certain File Types

copy /y /v C:\Users\Jon\Downloads\*.mp3 C:\Users\Jon\Music\DownloadedMusic\

This command copies all MP3s (*.mp3) from the Downloads folder to the Music\DownloadedMusic\ folder, but we want to make sure that every file is copied, even if there’s already one in DownloadedMusic with the same name (/y). We’ll verify the copy (/v) to make sure Command Prompt tells us whether the files were actually copied or if an error happened in the process.

Merge Files Into One

copy Z:\file1.txt+Z:\file2.txt+Z:\file3.txt Z:\combined.txt

This will merge three TXT files into a new one called combined.txt. As you can see, each file that should be part of the merge needs to be separated by +, but no spaces.

You can also use the asterisk to append multiple files. So, in our example, we could replace all those .txt instances with Z:\*.txt, but only if we want to merge every single TXT file from the Z: drive.

Copy Related Commands

This command is similar to the xcopy command, but unlike copy, xcopy works on folders, too.

Of course, a command isn’t necessary if you’d rather copy a file in Windows using File Explorer.

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