Кодовая таблица в системе windows

Список из 256 символов и их коды в ASCII.

1

Управляющие символы

DEC OCT HEX BIN Символ Escape послед. HTML код Описание
0 000 0x00 00000000 NUL \0 � Нулевой байт
1 001 0x01 00000001 SOH  Начало заголовка
2 002 0x02 00000010 STX  Начало текста
3 003 0x03 00000011 ETX  Конец «текста»
4 004 0x04 00000100 EOT  конец передачи
5 005 0x05 00000101 ENQ  «Прошу подтверждения!»
6 006 0x06 00000110 ACK  «Подтверждаю!»
7 007 0x07 00000111 BEL \a  Звуковой сигнал – звонок
8 010 0x08 00001000 BS \b  Возврат на один символ (BACKSPACE)
9 011 0x09 00001001 TAB \t 	 Табуляция
10 012 0x0A 00001010 LF \n 
 Перевод строки
11 013 0x0B 00001011 VT \v  Вертикальная табуляция
12 014 0x0C 00001100 FF \f  Прогон страницы, новая страница
13 015 0x0D 00001101 CR \r 
 Возврат каретки
14 016 0x0E 00001110 SO  Переключиться на другую ленту (кодировку)
15 017 0x0F 00001111 SI  Переключиться на исходную ленту (кодировку)
16 020 0x10 00010000 DLE  Экранирование канала данных
17 021 0x11 00010001 DC1  1-й символ управления устройством
18 022 0x12 00010010 DC2  2-й символ управления устройством
19 023 0x13 00010011 DC3  3-й символ управления устройством
20 024 0x14 00010100 DC4  4-й символ управления устройством
21 025 0x15 00010101 NAK  «Не подтверждаю!»
22 026 0x16 00010110 SYN  Символ для синхронизации
23 027 0x17 00010111 ETB  Конец текстового блока
24 030 0x18 00011000 CAN  Отмена
25 031 0x19 00011001 EM  Конец носителя
26 032 0x1A 00011010 SUB  Подставить
27 033 0x1B 00011011 ESC \e  Escape (Расширение)
28 034 0x1C 00011100 FS  Разделитель файлов
29 035 0x1D 00011101 GS  Разделитель групп
30 036 0x1E 00011110 RS  Разделитель записей
31 037 0x1F 00011111 US  Разделитель юнитов
127 177 0x7F 01111111 Delete  Символ для удаления (на перфолентах)

2

Печатные символы

DEC OCT HEX BIN Символ HTML код Мнемоника
32 040 0x20 00100000 Пробел  
33 041 0x21 00100001 ! !
34 042 0x22 00100010 « " "
35 043 0x23 00100011 # #
36 044 0x24 00100100 $ $
37 045 0x25 00100101 % %
38 046 0x26 00100110 & & &
39 047 0x27 00100111 ‘ ' '
40 050 0x28 00101000 ( (
41 051 0x29 00101001 ) )
42 052 0x2A 00101010 * *
43 053 0x2B 00101011 + +
44 054 0x2C 00101100 , ,
45 055 0x2D 00101101 — -
46 056 0x2E 00101110 . .
47 057 0x2F 00101111 / /
48 060 0x30 00110000 0 0
49 061 0x31 00110001 1 1
50 062 0x32 00110010 2 2
51 063 0x33 00110011 3 3
52 064 0x34 00110100 4 4
53 065 0x35 00110101 5 5
54 066 0x36 00110110 6 6
55 067 0x37 00110111 7 7
56 070 0x38 00111000 8 8
57 071 0x39 00111001 9 9
58 072 0x3A 00111010 : :
59 073 0x3B 00111011 ; &#59;
60 074 0x3C 00111100 < &#60; &lt;
61 075 0x3D 00111101 = &#61;
62 076 0x3E 00111110 > &#62; &gt;
63 077 0x3F 00111111 ? &#63;
64 100 0x40 01000000 @ &#64;
65 101 0x41 01000001 A &#65;
66 102 0x42 01000010 B &#66;
67 103 0x43 01000011 C &#67;
68 104 0x44 01000100 D &#68;
69 105 0x45 01000101 E &#69;
70 106 0x46 01000110 F &#70;
71 107 0x47 01000111 G &#71;
72 110 0x48 01001000 H &#72;
73 111 0x49 01001001 I &#73;
74 112 0x4A 01001010 J &#74;
75 113 0x4B 01001011 K &#75;
76 114 0x4C 01001100 L &#76;
77 115 0x4D 01001101 M &#77;
78 116 0x4E 01001110 N &#78;
79 117 0x4F 01001111 O &#79;
80 120 0x50 01010000 P &#80;
81 121 0x51 01010001 Q &#81;
82 122 0x52 01010010 R &#82;
83 123 0x53 01010011 S &#83;
84 124 0x54 01010100 T &#84;
85 125 0x55 01010101 U &#85;
86 126 0x56 01010110 V &#86;
87 127 0x57 01010111 W &#87;
88 130 0x58 01011000 X &#88;
89 131 0x59 01011001 Y &#89;
90 132 0x5A 01011010 Z &#90;
91 133 0x5B 01011011 [ &#91;
92 134 0x5C 01011100 \ &#92;
93 135 0x5D 01011101 ] &#93;
94 136 0x5E 01011110 ^ &#94;
95 137 0x5F 01011111 _ &#95;
96 140 0x60 01100000 ` &#96;
97 141 0x61 01100001 a &#97;
98 142 0x62 01100010 b &#98;
99 143 0x63 01100011 c &#99;
100 144 0x64 01100100 d &#100;
101 145 0x65 01100101 e &#101;
102 146 0x66 01100110 f &#102;
103 147 0x67 01100111 g &#103;
104 150 0x68 01101000 h &#104;
105 151 0x69 01101001 i &#105;
106 152 0x6A 01101010 j &#106;
107 153 0x6B 01101011 k &#107;
108 154 0x6C 01101100 l &#108;
109 155 0x6D 01101101 m &#109;
110 156 0x6E 01101110 n &#110;
111 157 0x6F 01101111 o &#111;
112 160 0x70 01110000 p &#112;
113 161 0x71 01110001 q &#113;
114 162 0x72 01110010 r &#114;
115 163 0x73 01110011 s &#115;
116 164 0x74 01110100 t &#116;
117 165 0x75 01110101 u &#117;
118 166 0x76 01110110 v &#118;
119 167 0x77 01110111 w &#119;
120 170 0x78 01111000 x &#120;
121 171 0x79 01111001 y &#121;
122 172 0x7A 01111010 z &#122;
123 173 0x7B 01111011 { &#123;
124 174 0x7C 01111100 | &#124;
125 175 0x7D 01111101 } &#125;
126 176 0x7E 01111110 ~ &#126;

3

Расширенные символы ASCII Win-1251 кириллица

DEC OCT HEX BIN Символ HTML код Мнемоника
128 200 0x80 10000000 Ђ &#128;
129 201 0x81 10000001 Ѓ &#129;
130 202 0x82 10000010 ‚ &#130; &sbquo;
131 203 0x83 10000011 ѓ &#131;
132 204 0x84 10000100 „ &#132; &bdquo;
133 205 0x85 10000101 … &#133; &hellip;
134 206 0x86 10000110 † &#134; &dagger;
135 207 0x87 10000111 ‡ &#135; &Dagger;
136 210 0x88 10001000 € &#136; &euro;
137 211 0x89 10001001 ‰ &#137; &permil;
138 212 0x8A 10001010 Љ &#138;
139 213 0x8B 10001011 ‹ &#139; &lsaquo;
140 214 0x8C 10001100 Њ &#140;
141 215 0x8D 10001101 Ќ &#141;
142 216 0x8E 10001110 Ћ &#142;
143 217 0x8F 10001111 Џ &#143;
144 220 0x90 10010000 Ђ &#144;
145 221 0x91 10010001 ‘ &#145; &lsquo;
146 222 0x92 10010010 ’ &#146; &rsquo;
147 223 0x93 10010011 “ &#147; &ldquo;
148 224 0x94 10010100 ” &#148; &rdquo;
149 225 0x95 10010101 • &#149; &bull;
150 226 0x96 10010110 – &#150; &ndash;
151 227 0x97 10010111 — &#151; &mdash;
152 230 0x98 10011000 Начало строки &#152;
153 231 0x99 10011001 ™ &#153; &trade;
154 232 0x9A 10011010 љ &#154;
155 233 0x9B 10011011 › &#155; &rsaquo;
156 234 0x9C 10011100 њ &#156;
157 235 0x9D 10011101 ќ &#157;
158 236 0x9E 10011110 ћ &#158;
159 237 0x9F 10011111 џ &#159;
160 240 0xA0 10100000 Неразрывный пробел &#160; &nbsp;
161 241 0xA1 10100001 Ў &#161;
162 242 0xA2 10100010 ў &#162;
163 243 0xA3 10100011 Ј &#163;
164 244 0xA4 10100100 ¤ &#164; &curren;
165 245 0xA5 10100101 Ґ &#165;
166 246 0xA6 10100110 ¦ &#166; &brvbar;
167 247 0xA7 10100111 § &#167; &sect;
168 250 0xA8 10101000 Ё &#168;
169 251 0xA9 10101001 © &#169; &copy;
170 252 0xAA 10101010 Є &#170;
171 253 0xAB 10101011 « &#171; &laquo;
172 254 0xAC 10101100 ¬ &#172; &not;
173 255 0xAD 10101101 Мягкий перенос &#173; &shy;
174 256 0xAE 10101110 ® &#174; &reg;
175 257 0xAF 10101111 Ї &#175;
176 260 0xB0 10110000 ° &#176; &deg;
177 261 0xB1 10110001 ± &#177; &plusmn;
178 262 0xB2 10110010 І &#178;
179 263 0xB3 10110011 і &#179;
180 264 0xB4 10110100 ґ &#180;
181 265 0xB5 10110101 µ &#181; &micro;
182 266 0xB6 10110110 &#182; &para;
183 267 0xB7 10110111 · &#183; &middot;
184 270 0xB8 10111000 ё &#184;
185 271 0xB9 10111001 № &#185;
186 272 0xBA 10111010 є &#186;
187 273 0xBB 10111011 » &#187; &raquo;
188 274 0xBC 10111100 ј &#188;
189 275 0xBD 10111101 Ѕ &#189;
190 276 0xBE 10111110 ѕ &#190;
191 277 0xBF 10111111 ї &#191;
192 300 0xC0 11000000 А &#192;
193 301 0xC1 11000001 Б &#193;
194 302 0xC2 11000010 В &#194;
195 303 0xC3 11000011 Г &#195;
196 304 0xC4 11000100 Д &#196;
197 305 0xC5 11000101 Е &#197;
198 306 0xC6 11000110 Ж &#198;
199 307 0xC7 11000111 З &#199;
200 310 0xC8 11001000 И &#200;
201 311 0xC9 11001001 Й &#201;
202 312 0xCA 11001010 К &#202;
203 313 0xCB 11001011 Л &#203;
204 314 0xCC 11001100 М &#204;
205 315 0xCD 11001101 Н &#205;
206 316 0xCE 11001110 О &#206;
207 317 0xCF 11001111 П &#207;
208 320 0xD0 11010000 Р &#208;
209 321 0xD1 11010001 С &#209;
210 322 0xD2 11010010 Т &#210;
211 323 0xD3 11010011 У &#211;
212 324 0xD4 11010100 Ф &#212;
213 325 0xD5 11010101 Х &#213;
214 326 0xD6 11010110 Ц &#214;
215 327 0xD7 11010111 Ч &#215;
216 330 0xD8 11011000 Ш &#216;
217 331 0xD9 11011001 Щ &#217;
218 332 0xDA 11011010 Ъ &#218;
219 333 0xDB 11011011 Ы &#219;
220 334 0xDC 11011100 Ь &#220;
221 335 0xDD 11011101 Э &#221;
222 336 0xDE 11011110 Ю &#222;
223 337 0xDF 11011111 Я &#223;
224 340 0xE0 11100000 а &#224;
225 341 0xE1 11100001 б &#225;
226 342 0xE2 11100010 в &#226;
227 343 0xE3 11100011 г &#227;
228 344 0xE4 11100100 д &#228;
229 345 0xE5 11100101 е &#229;
230 346 0xE6 11100110 ж &#230;
231 347 0xE7 11100111 з &#231;
232 350 0xE8 11101000 и &#232;
233 351 0xE9 11101001 й &#233;
234 352 0xEA 11101010 к &#234;
235 353 0xEB 11101011 л &#235;
236 354 0xEC 11101100 м &#236;
237 355 0xED 11101101 н &#237;
238 356 0xEE 11101110 о &#238;
239 357 0xEF 11101111 п &#239;
240 360 0xF0 11110000 р &#240;
241 361 0xF1 11110001 с &#241;
242 362 0xF2 11110010 т &#242;
243 363 0xF3 11110011 у &#243;
244 364 0xF4 11110100 ф &#244;
245 365 0xF5 11110101 х &#245;
246 366 0xF6 11110110 ц &#246;
247 367 0xF7 11110111 ч &#247;
248 370 0xF8 11111000 ш &#248;
249 371 0xF9 11111001 щ &#249;
250 372 0xFA 11111010 ъ &#250;
251 373 0xFB 11111011 ы &#251;
252 374 0xFC 11111100 ь &#252;
253 375 0xFD 11111101 э &#253;
254 376 0xFE 11111110 ю &#254;
255 377 0xFF 11111111 я &#255;
Источник

Таблица ASCII (American standard code for information interchange) является мировым стандартом для кодирования букв английского алфавита, популярных спец символов (! $ # % & и т.д.) и некоторых непечатных символов (например, возврат каретки 0x0D и перенос строки 0х0А).

Таблица создавалась те времена, когда возникла необходимость связать символы и числа. А такое соответствие необходимо было для того что бы с помощью чисел можно было передать текстовое сообщение между разными устройствами с цифровой связью.

Таблица CP1251 (windows-1251)

Эта кодировочная таблица может называться или CP1251 или Windows-1251 Это стандарт кодирования кириллических символов в операционных системах windows с русскоязычным интерфейсом.

Первая часть этой таблицы (до байта 0x7F) повторяет таблицу ASCII, а вторая часть (от 0x80 до 0xFF) кодирует кириллические символы в алфавитном порядке.

CP1251 (windows-1251)

Таблица IS0-8859-5

Эта кодировка применяется в дисплеях Nextion для кодирования кириллических символов.

Стоит обратить внимание, что в данной таблице кириллические символы расположены в алфавитном порядке и сдвинуты ровно на 16 байт по сравнению с кодировочной таблицей windows-1251.

Кодировка UTF-8
(Unicode Transformation Format)

Очень распространенный формат кодирования символов, позволяющий кодировать символы переменным количеством байт.

Например, если для кодирования номера символа требуется 21 бит, то используется 4 байта для кодировки. Если для кодирования достаточно 11 бит, то используют 2 байта. А если номер символа может быть закодирован 7 битами, то используется один байт.

Кодировка UTF-8

Все ASCII символы в кодировке UTF8 закодированы без изменений, то есть 1 байтом, как в стандартной таблице ASCII.

А вот остальные символы закодированы количеством байт от 2 до 4.

Кириллические символы закодированы двумя байтами.

Источник

Текущая версия страницы пока не проверялась опытными участниками и может значительно отличаться от версии, проверенной 3 сентября 2014;
проверки требуют 9 правок.

Текущая версия

Windows-1251 — набор символов и кодировка, являющаяся стандартной 8-битной кодировкой для всех русских версий Microsoft Windows. Пользуется довольно большой популярностью. Была создана на базе кодировок, использовавшихся в ранних «самопальных» русификаторах Windows в 1990—1991 гг. совместно представителями «Параграфа», «Диалога» и российского отделения Microsoft. Первоначальный вариант кодировки сильно отличался от представленного ниже в таблице (в частности, там было значительное число «белых пятен»).

Windows-1251 выгодно отличается от других 8‑битных кириллических кодировок (таких как CP866, KOI8-R и ISO 8859-5) наличием практически всех символов, использующихся в русской типографике для обычного текста (отсутствует только значок ударения); она также содержит все символы для других славянских языков: украинского, белорусского, сербского, македонского и болгарского.

Windows-1251 имеет два недостатка:

  • строчная буква «я» имеет код 0XFF (255 в десятичной системе). Она является «виновницей» ряда неожиданных проблем в программах без поддержки чистого 8-го бита, а также (гораздо более частый случай) использующих этот код как служебный (в CP437 он обозначает «неразрывный пробел», в Windows-1252 — ÿ, оба варианта практически не используются; число же -1, в дополнительном коде длиной 8 бит представляющееся числом 255, часто используется в программировании как специальное значение).
  • отсутствуют символы псевдографики, имеющиеся в CP866 и KOI8 (хотя для самих Windows, для которых она предназначена, в них не было нужды, это делало несовместимость двух использовавшихся в них кодировок заметнее).

Содержание

  • 1 Таблицы
    • 1.1 Кодировка Windows-1251 (синоним CP1251)
    • 1.2 Другие варианты
      • 1.2.1 Официальная кодировка Amiga-1251 (Amiga Inc., 2004 г.)
      • 1.2.2 Кодировка CP1251-k (KazWin, казахская кодировка)
      • 1.2.3 Кодировка Windows-1251 (чувашский вариант)
      • 1.2.4 Татарский вариант
  • 2 Ссылки

Таблицы[править | править вики-текст]

Нижняя часть таблицы кодировки (латиница) полностью соответствует кодировке ASCII. Числа под буквами обозначают шестнадцатеричный код подходящего символа в Юникоде.

Кодировка Windows-1251 (синоним CP1251)[править | править вики-текст]

.0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 .A .B .C .D .E .F
 
8.
 		 Ђ
402		 Ѓ
403		 ‚
201A		 ѓ
453		 „
201E		 …
2026		 †
2020		 ‡
2021		 €
20AC		 ‰
2030		 Љ
409		 ‹
2039		 Њ
40A		 Ќ
40C		 Ћ
40B		 Џ
40F
 
9.
 		 ђ
452		 ‘
2018		 ’
2019		 “
201C		 ”
201D		 •
2022		 –
2013		 —
2014		 ™
2122		 љ
459		 ›
203A		 њ
45A		 ќ
45C		 ћ
45B		 џ
45F
 
A.
 		  
A0		 Ў
40E		 ў
45E		 Ј
408		 ¤
A4		 Ґ
490		 ¦
A6		 §
A7		 Ё
401		 ©
A9		 Є
404		 «
AB		 ¬
AC		 ­
AD		 ®
AE		 Ї
407
 
B.
 		 °
B0		 ±
B1		 І
406		 і
456		 ґ
491		 µ
B5
B6		 ·
B7		 ё
451		 №
2116		 є
454		 »
BB		 ј
458		 Ѕ
405		 ѕ
455		 ї
457
 
C.
 		 А
410		 Б
411		 В
412		 Г
413		 Д
414		 Е
415		 Ж
416		 З
417		 И
418		 Й
419		 К
41A		 Л
41B		 М
41C		 Н
41D		 О
41E		 П
41F
 
D.
 		 Р
420		 С
421		 Т
422		 У
423		 Ф
424		 Х
425		 Ц
426		 Ч
427		 Ш
428		 Щ
429		 Ъ
42A		 Ы
42B		 Ь
42C		 Э
42D		 Ю
42E		 Я
42F
 
E.
 		 а
430		 б
431		 в
432		 г
433		 д
434		 е
435		 ж
436		 з
437		 и
438		 й
439		 к
43A		 л
43B		 м
43C		 н
43D		 о
43E		 п
43F
 
F.
 		 р
440		 с
441		 т
442		 у
443		 ф
444		 х
445		 ц
446		 ч
447		 ш
448		 щ
449		 ъ
44A		 ы
44B		 ь
44C		 э
44D		 ю
44E		 я
44F

  • Таблица основного кода ASCII

  • Таблица расширенного кода ASCII

Другие варианты[править | править вики-текст]

(Показаны только отличающиеся строки, поскольку всё остальное совпадает)

Официальная кодировка Amiga-1251 (Amiga Inc., 2004 г.)[править | править вики-текст]

.0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 .A .B .C .D .E .F
 
A.
 		  
A0		 ¡
A1		 ¢
A2		 £
A3		 €
20AC		 ¥
A5		 ¦
A6		 §
A7		 Ё
401		 ©
A9		 №
2116		 «
AB		 ¬
AC		 ­
AD		 ®
AE		 ¯
AF
 
B.
 		 °
B0		 ±
B1		 ²
B2		 ³
B3		 ´
B4		 µ
B5
B6		 ·
B7		 ё
451		 ¹
B9		 º
BA		 »
BB		 ¼
BC		 ½
BD		 ¾
BE		 ¿
BF

Кодировка CP1251-k (KazWin, казахская кодировка)[править | править вики-текст]

.0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 .A .B .C .D .E .F
 
8.
 		 Ұ
4B0		 Ғ
492		 ‚
201A		 ғ
493		 „
201E		 …
2026		 †
2020		 ‡
2021		 €
20AC		 ‰
2030		 Ө
4E8		 ‹
2039		 Ң
4A2		 Қ
49A		 Һ
4BA		 Ү
4AE
 
9.
 		 ұ
4B1		 ‘
2018		 ’
2019		 “
201C		 ”
201D		 •
2022		 –
2013		 —
2014		 ™
2122		 ө
4E9		 ›
203A		 ң
4A3		 қ
49B		 һ
4BB		 ү
4AF
 
A.
 		  
A0		 Ў
40E		 ў
45E		 Җ
496		 ¤
A4		 Ҳ
4B2		 ¦
A6		 §
A7		 Ё
401		 ©
A9		 Є
404		 «
AB		 ¬
AC		 ­
AD		 ®
AE		 Ї
407
 
B.
 		 °
B0		 ±
B1		 І
406		 і
456		 ҳ
4B3		 µ
B5
B6		 ·
B7		 ё
451		 №
2116		 є
454		 »
BB		 җ
497		 Ә
4D8		 ә
4D9		 ї
457

Кодировка Windows-1251 (чувашский вариант)[править | править вики-текст]

.0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 .A .B .C .D .E .F
 
8.
 		 Ђ
402		 Ѓ
403		 ‚
201A		 ѓ
453		 „
201E		 …
2026		 †
2020		 ‡
2021		 €
20AC		 ‰
2030		 Љ
409		 ‹
2039		 Ӑ
4D0		 Ӗ
4D6		 Ҫ
4AA		 Ӳ
4F2
 
9.
 		 ђ
452		 ‘
2018		 ’
2019		 “
201C		 ”
201D		 •
2022		 –
2013		 —
2014		 ™
2122		 љ
459		 ›
203A		 ӑ
4D1		 ӗ
4D7		 ҫ
4AB		 ӳ
4F3

Татарский вариант[править | править вики-текст]

Эта кодировка была официально принята в Татарстане в 1996 г.

.0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 .A .B .C .D .E .F
 
8.
 		 Ә
4D8		 Ѓ
403		 ‚
201A		 ѓ
453		 „
201E		 …
2026		 †
2020		 ‡
2021		 €
20AC		 ‰
2030		 Ө
4E8		 ‹
2039		 Ү
4AE		 Җ
496		 Ң
4A2		 Һ
4BA
 
9.
 		 ә
4D9		 ‘
2018		 ’
2019		 “
201C		 ”
201D		 •
2022		 –
2013		 —
2014		 ™
2122		 ө
4E9		 ›
203A		 ү
4AF		 җ
497		 ң
4A3		 һ
4BB

Ссылки[править | править вики-текст]

  • Информация о кодировке на Microsoft GlobalDev
  • История создании кодировки в сообщении Игоря Семенюка в эхоконференции SU.LAN от 14 января 1996
  • Юникод-коды символов на unicode.org
  • 2cyr.com — универсальный декодер, конвертер кириллицы online
Кодировки символов
Основы алфавит • текст ( файл • данные ) • набор символов • конверсия
Исторические кодировки Докомп.: семафорная (Макарова) • Морзе • Бодо • МТК-2
Комп.: 6-битная • УПП • RADIX-50 • EBCDIC ( ДКОИ-8 ) • КОИ-7 • ISO 646
современное
8-битное
представление		 символы ASCII ( управляющие • печатные ) • не-ASCII ( псевдографика )
8-битные код.стр. Кириллица: КОИ-8 • ГОСТ 19768-87 • MacCyrillic
ISO 8859 1 (лат.) • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 (кир.) • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 (€) • 16
Windows 1250 • 1251 (кир.) • 1252 • 1253 • 1254 • 1255 • 1256 • 1257 • 1258 • WGL4
IBM & DOS 437 • 850 • 852 • 855 • 866 «альт.» • МИК • НИИ ЭВМ
Многобайтные Традиционные DBCS ( GB2312 ) • HTML
Unicode UTF-32 • UTF-16 • UTF-8 • список символов ( кириллица )
Связанные темы интерфейс пользователя • раскладка клавиатуры • локаль • перевод строки • шрифт • кракозябры • транслит • нестандартные шрифты • текст как изображение
Утилиты iconv • recode
Источник

Reference of Extended ASCII Table for Windows-1251

The ASCII table, when defined according to the Windows-1251 character encoding (also known as Code page 1251), includes ASCII control characters and ASCII printable characters. Moreover, it also includes the extended ASCII character set unique to Windows-1251. This character set is particularly designed to support Cyrillic languages.

ASCII control characters (character code 0-31)

The first 32 characters in the ASCII-table are unprintable control codes and are used to control peripherals such as printers.

DEC OCT HEX BIN Symbol HTML Number HTML Name Description
0 000 00 00000000 ␀ &#00;   Null character
1 001 01 00000001 ␁ &#01;   Start of Heading
2 002 02 00000010 ␂ &#02;   Start of Text
3 003 03 00000011 ␃ &#03;   End of Text
4 004 04 00000100 ␄ &#04;   End of Transmission
5 005 05 00000101 ␅ &#05;   Enquiry
6 006 06 00000110 ␆ &#06;   Acknowledge
7 007 07 00000111 ␇ &#07;   Bell, Alert
8 010 08 00001000 ␈ &#08;   Backspace
9 011 09 00001001 ␉ &#09;   Horizontal Tab
10 012 0A 00001010 ␊ &#10;   Line Feed
11 013 0B 00001011 ␋ &#11;   Vertical Tabulation
12 014 0C 00001100 ␌ &#12;   Form Feed
13 015 0D 00001101 ␍ &#13;   Carriage Return
14 016 0E 00001110 ␎ &#14;   Shift Out
15 017 0F 00001111 ␏ &#15;   Shift In
16 020 10 00010000 ␐ &#16;   Data Link Escape
17 021 11 00010001 ␑ &#17;   Device Control One (XON)
18 022 12 00010010 ␒ &#18;   Device Control Two
19 023 13 00010011 ␓ &#19;   Device Control Three (XOFF)
20 024 14 00010100 ␔ &#20;   Device Control Four
21 025 15 00010101 ␕ &#21;   Negative Acknowledge
22 026 16 00010110 ␖ &#22;   Synchronous Idle
23 027 17 00010111 ␗ &#23;   End of Transmission Block
24 030 18 00011000 ␘ &#24;   Cancel
25 031 19 00011001 ␙ &#25;   End of medium
26 032 1A 00011010 ␚ &#26;   Substitute
27 033 1B 00011011 ␛ &#27;   Escape
28 034 1C 00011100 ␜ &#28;   File Separator
29 035 1D 00011101 ␝ &#29;   Group Separator
30 036 1E 00011110 ␞ &#30;   Record Separator
31 037 1F 00011111 ␟ &#31;   Unit Separator

ASCII printable characters (character code 32-127)

Codes 32-127 are common for all the different variations of the ASCII table, they are called printable characters, represent letters, digits, punctuation marks, and a few miscellaneous symbols. You will find almost every character on your keyboard. Character 127 represents the command DEL.

DEC OCT HEX BIN Symbol HTML Number HTML Name Description
32 040 20 00100000 ␠ &#32;   Space
33 041 21 00100001 ! &#33; &excl; Exclamation mark
34 042 22 00100010 « &#34; &quot; Double quotes (or speech marks)
35 043 23 00100011 # &#35; &num; Number sign
36 044 24 00100100 $ &#36; &dollar; Dollar
37 045 25 00100101 % &#37; &percnt; Per cent sign
38 046 26 00100110 & &#38; &amp; Ampersand
39 047 27 00100111 ‘ &#39; &apos; Single quote
40 050 28 00101000 ( &#40; &lparen; Open parenthesis (or open bracket)
41 051 29 00101001 ) &#41; &rparen; Close parenthesis (or close bracket)
42 052 2A 00101010 * &#42; &ast; Asterisk
43 053 2B 00101011 + &#43; &plus; Plus
44 054 2C 00101100 , &#44; &comma; Comma
45 055 2D 00101101 — &#45;   Hyphen-minus
46 056 2E 00101110 . &#46; &period; Period, dot or full stop
47 057 2F 00101111 / &#47; &sol; Slash or divide
48 060 30 00110000 0 &#48;   Zero
49 061 31 00110001 1 &#49;   One
50 062 32 00110010 2 &#50;   Two
51 063 33 00110011 3 &#51;   Three
52 064 34 00110100 4 &#52;   Four
53 065 35 00110101 5 &#53;   Five
54 066 36 00110110 6 &#54;   Six
55 067 37 00110111 7 &#55;   Seven
56 070 38 00111000 8 &#56;   Eight
57 071 39 00111001 9 &#57;   Nine
58 072 3A 00111010 : &#58; &colon; Colon
59 073 3B 00111011 ; &#59; &semi; Semicolon
60 074 3C 00111100 < &#60; &lt; Less than (or open angled bracket)
61 075 3D 00111101 = &#61; &equals; Equals
62 076 3E 00111110 > &#62; &gt; Greater than (or close angled bracket)
63 077 3F 00111111 ? &#63; &quest; Question mark
64 100 40 01000000 @ &#64; &commat; At sign
65 101 41 01000001 A &#65;   Uppercase A
66 102 42 01000010 B &#66;   Uppercase B
67 103 43 01000011 C &#67;   Uppercase C
68 104 44 01000100 D &#68;   Uppercase D
69 105 45 01000101 E &#69;   Uppercase E
70 106 46 01000110 F &#70;   Uppercase F
71 107 47 01000111 G &#71;   Uppercase G
72 110 48 01001000 H &#72;   Uppercase H
73 111 49 01001001 I &#73;   Uppercase I
74 112 4A 01001010 J &#74;   Uppercase J
75 113 4B 01001011 K &#75;   Uppercase K
76 114 4C 01001100 L &#76;   Uppercase L
77 115 4D 01001101 M &#77;   Uppercase M
78 116 4E 01001110 N &#78;   Uppercase N
79 117 4F 01001111 O &#79;   Uppercase O
80 120 50 01010000 P &#80;   Uppercase P
81 121 51 01010001 Q &#81;   Uppercase Q
82 122 52 01010010 R &#82;   Uppercase R
83 123 53 01010011 S &#83;   Uppercase S
84 124 54 01010100 T &#84;   Uppercase T
85 125 55 01010101 U &#85;   Uppercase U
86 126 56 01010110 V &#86;   Uppercase V
87 127 57 01010111 W &#87;   Uppercase W
88 130 58 01011000 X &#88;   Uppercase X
89 131 59 01011001 Y &#89;   Uppercase Y
90 132 5A 01011010 Z &#90;   Uppercase Z
91 133 5B 01011011 [ &#91; &lsqb; Opening bracket
92 134 5C 01011100 \ &#92; &bsol; Backslash
93 135 5D 01011101 ] &#93; &rsqb; Closing bracket
94 136 5E 01011110 ^ &#94; &Hat; Caret — circumflex
95 137 5F 01011111 _ &#95; &lowbar; Underscore
96 140 60 01100000 ` &#96; &grave; Grave accent
97 141 61 01100001 a &#97;   Lowercase a
98 142 62 01100010 b &#98;   Lowercase b
99 143 63 01100011 c &#99;   Lowercase c
100 144 64 01100100 d &#100;   Lowercase d
101 145 65 01100101 e &#101;   Lowercase e
102 146 66 01100110 f &#102;   Lowercase f
103 147 67 01100111 g &#103;   Lowercase g
104 150 68 01101000 h &#104;   Lowercase h
105 151 69 01101001 i &#105;   Lowercase i
106 152 6A 01101010 j &#106;   Lowercase j
107 153 6B 01101011 k &#107;   Lowercase k
108 154 6C 01101100 l &#108;   Lowercase l
109 155 6D 01101101 m &#109;   Lowercase m
110 156 6E 01101110 n &#110;   Lowercase n
111 157 6F 01101111 o &#111;   Lowercase o
112 160 70 01110000 p &#112;   Lowercase p
113 161 71 01110001 q &#113;   Lowercase q
114 162 72 01110010 r &#114;   Lowercase r
115 163 73 01110011 s &#115;   Lowercase s
116 164 74 01110100 t &#116;   Lowercase t
117 165 75 01110101 u &#117;   Lowercase u
118 166 76 01110110 v &#118;   Lowercase v
119 167 77 01110111 w &#119;   Lowercase w
120 170 78 01111000 x &#120;   Lowercase x
121 171 79 01111001 y &#121;   Lowercase y
122 172 7A 01111010 z &#122;   Lowercase z
123 173 7B 01111011 { &#123; &lcub; Opening brace
124 174 7C 01111100 | &#124; &verbar; Vertical bar
125 175 7D 01111101 } &#125; &rcub; Closing brace
126 176 7E 01111110 ~ &#126; &tilde; Equivalency sign — tilde
127 177 7F 01111111 ␡ &#127;   Delete

The extended ASCII codes (character code 128-255)

Windows-1251 is a character encoding standard used to represent text in the Cyrillic script. It was introduced by Microsoft in the Windows operating system and is based on ISO 8859-5. Windows-1251 supports a range of characters and symbols used in the Cyrillic script, including Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian, and others.

Windows-1251 is widely used in the former Soviet Union countries and other countries that use the Cyrillic script. It is commonly used in word processing software, spreadsheets, and databases. However, it is important to note that Windows-1251 may not provide full support for all of the characters used in these languages and may cause issues when dealing with text in certain scripts.

DEC OCT HEX BIN Symbol HTML Number HTML Name Description
128 200 80 10000000 Ђ &#1026; &DJcy; Cyrillic capital letter Dje
129 201 81 10000001 Ѓ &#1027; &GJcy; Cyrillic capital letter Gje
130 202 82 10000010 ‚ &#130; &sbquo; Single low-9 quotation mark
131 203 83 10000011 ѓ &#1107; &gjcy; Cyrillic small letter gje
132 204 84 10000100 „ &#132; &bdquo; Double low-9 quotation mark
133 205 85 10000101 … &#133; &hellip; Horizontal ellipsis
134 206 86 10000110 † &#134; &dagger; Dagger
135 207 87 10000111 ‡ &#135; &Dagger; Double dagger
136 210 88 10001000 € &#8364; &euro; Euro sign
137 211 89 10001001 ‰ &#137; &permil; Per mille sign
138 212 8A 10001010 Љ &#1033; &LJcy; Cyrillic capital letter Lje
139 213 8B 10001011 ‹ &#139; &lsaquo; Single left-pointing angle quotation
140 214 8C 10001100 Њ &#1034; &NJcy; Cyrillic capital letter Nje
141 215 8D 10001101 Ќ &#1036; &KJcy; Cyrillic capital letter Kje
142 216 8E 10001110 Ћ &#1035; &TSHcy; Cyrillic capital letter Tshe
143 217 8F 10001111 Џ &#1039; &DZcy; Cyrillic capital letter Dzhe
144 220 90 10010000 ђ &#1106; &djcy; Cyrillic small letter dje
145 221 91 10010001 ‘ &#145; &lsquo; Left single quotation mark
146 222 92 10010010 ’ &#146; &rsquo; Right single quotation mark
147 223 93 10010011 “ &#147; &ldquo; Left double quotation mark
148 224 94 10010100 ” &#148; &rdquo; Right double quotation mark
149 225 95 10010101 • &#149; &bull; Bullet
150 226 96 10010110 – &#150; &ndash; En dash
151 227 97 10010111 — &#151; &mdash; Em dash
152 230 98 10011000   Unused
153 231 99 10011001 ™ &#153; &trade; Trade mark sign
154 232 9A 10011010 љ &#1113; &ljcy; Cyrillic small letter lje
155 233 9B 10011011 › &#155; &rsaquo; Single right-pointing angle quotation mark
156 234 9C 10011100 њ &#1114; &njcy; Cyrillic small letter nje
157 235 9D 10011101 ќ &#1116; &kjcy; Cyrillic small letter Kje
158 236 9E 10011110 ћ &#1115; &tshcy; Cyrillic small letter Tshe
159 237 9F 10011111 џ &#1119; &dzcy; Cyrillic small letter Dzhe
160 240 A0 10100000   &#160; &nbsp; Non-breaking space
161 241 A1 10100001 Ў &#1038; &Ubrcy; Cyrillic capital letter short U
162 242 A2 10100010 ў &#1118; &ubrcy; Cyrillic small letter short u
163 243 A3 10100011 Ј &#1032; &Jsercy; Cyrillic capital letter Je
164 244 A4 10100100 ¤ &#164; &curren; Currency sign
165 245 A5 10100101 Ґ &#1168;   Cyrillic capital letter Ghe with upturn
166 246 A6 10100110 ¦ &#166; &brvbar; Pipe, broken vertical bar
167 247 A7 10100111 § &#167; &sect; Section sign
168 250 A8 10101000 Ё &#1025; &IOcy; Cyrillic capital letter Io
169 251 A9 10101001 © &#169; &copy; Copyright sign
170 252 AA 10101010 Є &#1028; &Jukcy; Cyrillic capital letter Ukrainian Ie
171 253 AB 10101011 « &#171; &laquo; Left double angle quotes
172 254 AC 10101100 ¬ &#172; &not; Negation
173 255 AD 10101101 ­ &#173; &shy; Soft hyphen
174 256 AE 10101110 ® &#174; &reg; Registered trade mark sign
175 257 AF 10101111 Ї &#1031; &YIcy; Cyrillic capital letter Yi
176 260 B0 10110000 ° &#176; &deg; Degree sign
177 261 B1 10110001 ± &#177; &plusmn; Plus-or-minus sign
178 262 B2 10110010 І &#1030; &Iukcy; Cyrillic capital letter Byelorussian-Ukrainian I
179 263 B3 10110011 і &#1110; &iukcy; Cyrillic small letter Byelorussian-Ukrainian i
180 264 B4 10110100 ґ &#1169;   Cyrillic small letter ghe with upturn
181 265 B5 10110101 µ &#181; &micro; Micro sign
182 266 B6 10110110 &#182; &para; Pilcrow sign — paragraph sign
183 267 B7 10110111 · &#183; &middot; Middle dot — Georgian comma
184 270 B8 10111000 ё &#1105; &iocy; Cyrillic small letter io
185 271 B9 10111001 № &#8470; &numero; Numero Sign
186 272 BA 10111010 є &#1108; &jukcy; Cyrillic small letter Ukrainian ie
187 273 BB 10111011 » &#187; &raquo; Right double angle quotes
188 274 BC 10111100 ј &#1112; &jsercy; Cyrillic small letter je
189 275 BD 10111101 Ѕ &#1029; &DScy; Cyrillic capital letter Dze
190 276 BE 10111110 ѕ &#1109; &dscy; Cyrillic small letter dze
191 277 BF 10111111 ї &#1111; &yicy; Cyrillic small letter yi
192 300 C0 11000000 А &#1040; &Acy; Cyrillic capital letter A
193 301 C1 11000001 Б &#1041; &Bcy; Cyrillic capital letter Be
194 302 C2 11000010 В &#1042; &Vcy; Cyrillic capital letter Ve
195 303 C3 11000011 Г &#1043; &Gcy; Cyrillic capital letter Ghe
196 304 C4 11000100 Д &#1044; &Dcy; Cyrillic capital letter De
197 305 C5 11000101 Е &#1045; &IEcy; Cyrillic capital letter Ie
198 306 C6 11000110 Ж &#1046; &ZHcy; Cyrillic capital letter Zhe
199 307 C7 11000111 З &#1047; &Zcy; Cyrillic capital letter Ze
200 310 C8 11001000 И &#1048; &Icy; Cyrillic capital letter I
201 311 C9 11001001 Й &#1049; &Jcy; Cyrillic capital letter Short I
202 312 CA 11001010 К &#1050; &Kcy; Cyrillic capital letter Ka
203 313 CB 11001011 Л &#1051; &Lcy; Cyrillic capital letter El
204 314 CC 11001100 М &#1052; &Mcy; Cyrillic capital letter Em
205 315 CD 11001101 Н &#1053; &Ncy; Cyrillic capital letter En
206 316 CE 11001110 О &#1054; &Ocy; Cyrillic capital letter O
207 317 CF 11001111 П &#1055; &Pcy; Cyrillic capital letter Pe
208 320 D0 11010000 Р &#1056; &Rcy; Cyrillic capital letter Er
209 321 D1 11010001 С &#1057; &Scy; Cyrillic capital letter Es
210 322 D2 11010010 Т &#1058; &Tcy; Cyrillic capital letter Te
211 323 D3 11010011 У &#1059; &Ucy; Cyrillic capital letter U
212 324 D4 11010100 Ф &#1060; &Fcy; Cyrillic capital letter Ef
213 325 D5 11010101 Х &#1061; &KHcy; Cyrillic capital letter Ha
214 326 D6 11010110 Ц &#1062; &TScy; Cyrillic capital letter Tse
215 327 D7 11010111 Ч &#1063; &CHcy; Cyrillic capital letter Che
216 330 D8 11011000 Ш &#1064; &SHcy; Cyrillic capital letter Sha
217 331 D9 11011001 Щ &#1065; &SHCHcy; Cyrillic capital letter Shcha
218 332 DA 11011010 Ъ &#1066; &HARDcy; Cyrillic capital letter Hard Sign
219 333 DB 11011011 Ы &#1067; &Ycy; Cyrillic capital letter Yeru
220 334 DC 11011100 Ь &#1068; &SOFTcy; Cyrillic capital letter Soft Sign
221 335 DD 11011101 Э &#1069; &Ecy; Cyrillic capital letter E
222 336 DE 11011110 Ю &#1070; &YUcy; Cyrillic capital letter Yu
223 337 DF 11011111 Я &#1071; &YAcy; Cyrillic capital letter Ya
224 340 E0 11100000 а &#1072; &acy; Cyrillic Small Letter A
225 341 E1 11100001 б &#1073; &bcy; Cyrillic small letter be
226 342 E2 11100010 в &#1074; &vcy; Cyrillic small letter ve
227 343 E3 11100011 г &#1075; &gcy; Cyrillic small letter ghe
228 344 E4 11100100 д &#1076; &dcy; Cyrillic small letter de
229 345 E5 11100101 е &#1077; &iecy; Cyrillic small letter ie
230 346 E6 11100110 ж &#1078; &zhcy; Cyrillic small letter zhe
231 347 E7 11100111 з &#1079; &zcy; Cyrillic small letter ze
232 350 E8 11101000 и &#1080; &icy; Cyrillic small letter i
233 351 E9 11101001 й &#1081; &jcy; Cyrillic small letter short i
234 352 EA 11101010 к &#1082; &kcy; Cyrillic small letter ka
235 353 EB 11101011 л &#1083; &lcy; Cyrillic small letter el
236 354 EC 11101100 м &#1084; &mcy; Cyrillic small letter em
237 355 ED 11101101 н &#1085; &ncy; Cyrillic small letter en
238 356 EE 11101110 о &#1086; &ocy; Cyrillic small letter o
239 357 EF 11101111 п &#1087; &pcy; Cyrillic small letter pe
240 360 F0 11110000 р &#1088; &rcy; Cyrillic small letter er
241 361 F1 11110001 с &#1089; &scy; Cyrillic small letter es
242 362 F2 11110010 т &#1090; &tcy; Cyrillic small letter te
243 363 F3 11110011 у &#1091; &ucy; Cyrillic small letter u
244 364 F4 11110100 ф &#1092; &fcy; Cyrillic small letter ef
245 365 F5 11110101 х &#1093; &khcy; Cyrillic small letter ha
246 366 F6 11110110 ц &#1094; &tscy; Cyrillic small letter tse
247 367 F7 11110111 ч &#1095; &chcy; Cyrillic small letter che
248 370 F8 11111000 ш &#1096; &shcy; Cyrillic small letter sha
249 371 F9 11111001 щ &#1097; &shchcy; Cyrillic small letter shcha
250 372 FA 11111010 ъ &#1098; &hardcy; Cyrillic small letter hard sign
251 373 FB 11111011 ы &#1099; &ycy; Cyrillic small letter yeru
252 374 FC 11111100 ь &#1100; &softcy; Cyrillic small letter soft sign
253 375 FD 11111101 э &#1101; &ecy; Cyrillic small letter e
254 376 FE 11111110 ю &#1102; &yucy; Cyrillic small letter yu
255 377 FF 11111111 я &#1103; &yacy; Cyrillic small letter ya
Источник

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Windows code pages are sets of characters or code pages (known as character encodings in other operating systems) used in Microsoft Windows from the 1980s and 1990s. Windows code pages were gradually superseded when Unicode was implemented in Windows,[citation needed] although they are still supported both within Windows and other platforms, and still apply when Alt code shortcuts are used.

There are two groups of system code pages in Windows systems: OEM and Windows-native («ANSI») code pages.
(ANSI is the American National Standards Institute.) Code pages in both of these groups are extended ASCII code pages. Additional code pages are supported by standard Windows conversion routines, but not used as either type of system code page.

ANSI code page[edit]

Windows-125x series

Alias(es) ANSI (misnomer)
Standard WHATWG Encoding Standard
Extends US-ASCII
Preceded by ISO 8859
Succeeded by Unicode
UTF-16 (in Win32 API)
  • v
  • t
  • e

ANSI code pages (officially called «Windows code pages» [1] after Microsoft accepted the former term being a misnomer [2]) are used for native non-Unicode (say, byte oriented) applications using a graphical user interface on Windows systems. The term «ANSI» is a misnomer because these Windows code pages do not comply with any ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standard; code page 1252 was based on an early ANSI draft that became the international standard ISO 8859-1, [2] which adds a further 32 control codes and space for 96 printable characters. Among other differences, Windows code-pages allocate printable characters to the supplementary control code space, making them at best illegible to standards-compliant operating systems.)

Most legacy «ANSI» code pages have code page numbers in the pattern 125x. However, 874 (Thai) and the East Asian multi-byte «ANSI» code pages (932, 936, 949, 950), all of which are also used as OEM code pages, are numbered to match IBM encodings, none of which are identical to the Windows encodings (although most are similar). While code page 1258 is also used as an OEM code page, it is original to Microsoft rather than an extension to an existing encoding. IBM have assigned their own, different numbers for Microsoft’s variants, these are given for reference in the lists below where applicable.

All of the 125x Windows code pages, as well as 874 and 936, are labelled by Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) as «Windows-number«, although «Windows-936» is treated as a synonym for «GBK». Windows code page 932 is instead labelled as «Windows-31J».[3]

ANSI Windows code pages, and especially the code page 1252, were so called since they were purportedly based on drafts submitted or intended for ANSI. However, ANSI and ISO have not standardized any of these code pages. Instead they are either:[2]

  • Supersets of the standard sets such as those of ISO 8859 and the various national standards (like Windows-1252 vs. ISO-8859-1),
  • Major modifications of these (making them incompatible to various degrees, like Windows-1250 vs. ISO-8859-2)
  • Having no parallel encoding (like Windows-1257 vs. ISO-8859-4; ISO-8859-13 was introduced much later). Also, Windows-1251 follows neither the ISO-standardised ISO-8859-5 nor the then-prevailing KOI-8.

Microsoft assigned about twelve of the typography and business characters (including notably, the euro sign, €) in CP1252 to the code points 0x80–0x9F that, in ISO 8859, are assigned to C1 control codes. These assignments are also present in many other ANSI/Windows code pages at the same code-points. Windows did not use the C1 control codes, so this decision had no direct effect on Windows users. However, if included in a file transferred to a standards-compliant platform like Unix or MacOS, the information was invisible and potentially disruptive.[citation needed]

OEM code page[edit]

The OEM code pages (original equipment manufacturer) are used by Win32 console applications, and by virtual DOS, and can be considered a holdover from DOS and the original IBM PC architecture. A separate suite of code pages was implemented not only due to compatibility, but also because the fonts of VGA (and descendant) hardware suggest encoding of line-drawing characters to be compatible with code page 437. Most OEM code pages share many code points, particularly for non-letter characters, with the second (non-ASCII) half of CP437.

A typical OEM code page, in its second half, does not resemble any ANSI/Windows code page even roughly. Nevertheless, two single-byte, fixed-width code pages (874 for Thai and 1258 for Vietnamese) and four multibyte CJK code pages (932, 936, 949, 950) are used as both OEM and ANSI code pages. Code page 1258 uses combining diacritics, as Vietnamese requires more than 128 letter-diacritic combinations. This is in contrast to VISCII, which replaces some of the C0 (i.e. ASCII) control codes.

History[edit]

Initially, computer systems and system programming languages did not make a distinction between characters and bytes: for the segmental scripts used in most of Africa, the Americas, southern and south-east Asia, the Middle East and Europe, a character needs just one byte, but two or more bytes are needed for the ideographic sets used in the rest of the world. This subsequently led to much confusion. Microsoft software and systems prior to the Windows NT line are examples of this, because they use the OEM and ANSI code pages that do not make the distinction.

Since the late 1990s, software and systems have adopted Unicode as their preferred storage format; this trend has been improved by the widespread adoption of XML which default to UTF-8 but also provides a mechanism for labelling the encoding used.[4] All current Microsoft products and application program interfaces use Unicode internally,[citation needed] but some applications continue to use the default encoding of the computer’s ‘locale’ when reading and writing text data to files or standard output.[citation needed] Therefore, files may still be encountered that are legible and intelligible in one part of the world but unintelligible mojibake in another.

UTF-8, UTF-16[edit]

Microsoft adopted a Unicode encoding (first the now-obsolete UCS-2, which was then Unicode’s only encoding), i.e. UTF-16 for all its operating systems from Windows NT onwards, but additionally supports UTF-8 (aka CP_UTF8) since Windows 10 version 1803.[5]
UTF-16 uniquely encodes all Unicode characters in the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP) using 16 bits but the remaining Unicode (e.g. emojis) is encoded with a 32-bit (four byte) code – while the rest of the industry (Unix-like systems and the web), and now Microsoft chose UTF-8 (which uses one byte for the 7-bit ASCII character set, two or three bytes for other characters in the BMP, and four bytes for the remainder).

List[edit]

The following Windows code pages exist:

Windows-125x series[edit]

These nine code pages are all extended ASCII 8-bit SBCS encodings, and were designed by Microsoft for use as ANSI codepages on Windows. They are commonly known by their IANA-registered[6] names as windows-<number>, but are also sometimes called cp<number>, «cp» for «code page». They are all used as ANSI code pages; Windows-1258 is also used as an OEM code page.

The Windows-125x series includes nine of the ANSI code pages, and mostly covers scripts from Europe and West Asia with the addition of Vietnam. System encodings for Thai and for East Asian languages were numbered to match similar IBM code pages and are used as both ANSI and OEM code pages; these are covered in following sections.

ID Description Relationship to ISO 8859 or other established encodings
1250[7][8] Latin 2 / Central European Similar to ISO-8859-2 but moves several characters, including multiple letters.
1251[9][10] Cyrillic Incompatible with both ISO-8859-5 and KOI-8.
1252[11][12] Latin 1 / Western European Superset of ISO-8859-1 (without C1 controls). Letter repertoire accordingly similar to CP850.
1253[13][14] Greek Similar to ISO 8859-7 but moves several characters, including a letter.
1254[15][16] Turkish Superset of ISO 8859-9 (without C1 controls).
1255[17][18] Hebrew Almost a superset of ISO 8859-8, but with two incompatible punctuation changes.
1256[19][20] Arabic Not compatible with ISO 8859-6; rather, OEM Code page 708 is an ISO 8859-6 (ASMO 708) superset.
1257[21][22] Baltic Not ISO 8859-4; the later ISO 8859-13 is closely related, but with some differences in available punctuation.
1258[23][24] Vietnamese (also OEM) Not related to VSCII or VISCII, uses fewer base characters with combining diacritics.

DOS code pages[edit]

These are also ASCII-based. Most of these are included for use as OEM code pages; code page 874 is also used as an ANSI code page.

  • 437 – IBM PC US, 8-bit SBCS extended ASCII.[25] Known as OEM-US, the encoding of the primary built-in font of VGA graphics cards.
  • 708 – Arabic, extended ISO 8859-6 (ASMO 708)
  • 720 – Arabic, retaining box drawing characters in their usual locations
  • 737 – «MS-DOS Greek». Retains all box drawing characters. More popular than 869.
  • 775 – «MS-DOS Baltic Rim»
  • 850 – «MS-DOS Latin 1». Full (re-arranged) repertoire of ISO 8859-1.
  • 852 – «MS-DOS Latin 2»
  • 855 – «MS-DOS Cyrillic». Mainly used for South Slavic languages. Includes (re-arranged) repertoire of ISO-8859-5. Not to be confused with cp866.
  • 857 – «MS-DOS Turkish»
  • 858 – Western European with euro sign
  • 860 – «MS-DOS Portuguese»
  • 861 – «MS-DOS Icelandic»
  • 862 – «MS-DOS Hebrew»
  • 863 – «MS-DOS French Canada»
  • 864 – Arabic
  • 865 – «MS-DOS Nordic»
  • 866 – «MS-DOS Cyrillic Russian», cp866. Sole purely OEM code page (rather than ANSI or both) included as a legacy encoding in WHATWG Encoding Standard for HTML5.
  • 869 – «MS-DOS Greek 2», IBM869. Full (re-arranged) repertoire of ISO 8859-7.
  • 874 – Thai, also used as the ANSI code page, extends ISO 8859-11 (and therefore TIS-620) with a few additional characters from Windows-1252. Corresponds to IBM code page 1162 (IBM-874 is similar but has different extensions).

East Asian multi-byte code pages[edit]

These often differ from the IBM code pages of the same number: code pages 932, 949 and 950 only partly match the IBM code pages of the same number, while the number 936 was used by IBM for another Simplified Chinese encoding which is now deprecated and Windows-951, as part of a kludge, is unrelated to IBM-951. IBM equivalent code pages are given in the second column. Code pages 932, 936, 949 and 950/951 are used as both ANSI and OEM code pages on the locales in question.

ID Language Encoding IBM Equivalent Difference from IBM CCSID of same number Use
932 Japanese Shift JIS (Microsoft variant) 943[26] IBM-932 is also Shift JIS, has fewer extensions (but those extensions it has are in common), and swaps some variant Chinese characters (itaiji) for interoperability with earlier editions of JIS C 6226. ANSI/OEM (Japan)
936 Chinese (simplified) GBK 1386 IBM-936 is a different Simplified Chinese encoding with a different encoding method, which has been deprecated since 1993. ANSI/OEM (PRC, Singapore)
949 Korean Unified Hangul Code 1363 IBM-949 is also an EUC-KR superset, but with different (colliding) extensions. ANSI/OEM (Republic of Korea)
950 Chinese (traditional) Big5 (Microsoft variant) 1373[27] IBM-950 is also Big5, but includes a different subset of the ETEN extensions, adds further extensions with an expanded trail byte range, and lacks the Euro. ANSI/OEM (Taiwan, Hong Kong)
951 Chinese (traditional) including Cantonese Big5-HKSCS (2001 ed.) 5471[28] IBM-951 is the double-byte plane from IBM-949 (see above), and unrelated to Microsoft’s internal use of the number 951. ANSI/OEM (Hong Kong, 98/NT4/2000/XP with HKSCS patch)

A few further multiple-byte code pages are supported for decoding or encoding using operating system libraries, but not used as either sort of system encoding in any locale.

ID IBM Equivalent Language Encoding Use
1361 — Korean Johab (KS C 5601-1992 annex 3) Conversion
20000 — Chinese (traditional) An encoding of CNS 11643 Conversion
20001 — Chinese (traditional) TCA Conversion
20002 — Chinese (traditional) Big5 (ETEN variant) Conversion
20003 938 Chinese (traditional) IBM 5550 Conversion
20004 — Chinese (traditional) Teletext Conversion
20005 — Chinese (traditional) Wang Conversion
20932 954 (roughly) Japanese EUC-JP Conversion
20936 5479 Chinese (simplified) GB 2312 Conversion
20949, 51949 970 Korean Wansung (8-bit with ASCII, i.e. EUC-KR)[29] Conversion

EBCDIC code pages[edit]

  • 37 – IBM EBCDIC US-Canada, 8-bit SBCS[30]
  • 500 – Latin 1
  • 870 – IBM870
  • 875 – cp875
  • 1026 – EBCDIC Turkish
  • 1047 – IBM01047 – Latin 1
  • 1140 – IBM01141
  • 1141 – IBM01141
  • 1142 – IBM01142
  • 1143 – IBM01143
  • 1144 – IBM01144
  • 1145 – IBM01145
  • 1146 – IBM01146
  • 1147 – IBM01147
  • 1148 – IBM01148
  • 1149 – IBM01149
  • 20273 – EBCDIC Germany
  • 20277 – EBCDIC Denmark/Norway
  • 20278 – EBCDIC Finland/Sweden
  • 20280 – EBCDIC Italy
  • 20284 – EBCDIC Latin America/Spain
  • 20285 – EBCDIC United Kingdom
  • 20290 – EBCDIC Japanese
  • 20297 – EBCDIC France
  • 20420 – EBCDIC Arabic
  • 20423 – EBCDIC Greek
  • 20424 – x-EBCDIC-KoreanExtended
  • 20833 – Korean
  • 20838 – EBCDIC Thai
  • 20924 – IBM00924 – IBM EBCDIC Latin 1/Open System (1047 + Euro symbol)
  • 20871 – EBCDIC Icelandic
  • 20880 – EBCDIC Cyrillic
  • 20905 – EBCDIC Turkish
  • 21025 – EBCDIC Cyrillic
  • 21027 – Japanese EBCDIC (incomplete,[31] deprecated)[32]

[edit]

  • 1200 – Unicode (BMP of ISO 10646, UTF-16LE). Available only to managed applications.[32]
  • 1201 – Unicode (UTF-16BE). Available only to managed applications.[32]
  • 12000 – UTF-32. Available only to managed applications.[32]
  • 12001 – UTF-32. Big-endian. Available only to managed applications.[32]
  • 65000 – Unicode (UTF-7)
  • 65001 – Unicode (UTF-8)

Macintosh compatibility code pages[edit]

  • 10000 – Apple Macintosh Roman
  • 10001 – Apple Macintosh Japanese
  • 10002 – Apple Macintosh Chinese (traditional) (BIG-5)
  • 10003 – Apple Macintosh Korean
  • 10004 – Apple Macintosh Arabic
  • 10005 – Apple Macintosh Hebrew
  • 10006 – Apple Macintosh Greek
  • 10007 – Apple Macintosh Cyrillic
  • 10008 – Apple Macintosh Chinese (simplified) (GB 2312)
  • 10010 – Apple Macintosh Romanian
  • 10017 – Apple Macintosh Ukrainian
  • 10021 – Apple Macintosh Thai
  • 10029 – Apple Macintosh Roman II / Central Europe
  • 10079 – Apple Macintosh Icelandic
  • 10081 – Apple Macintosh Turkish
  • 10082 – Apple Macintosh Croatian

ISO 8859 code pages[edit]

  • 28591 – ISO-8859-1 – Latin-1 (IBM equivalent: 819)
  • 28592 – ISO-8859-2 – Latin-2
  • 28593 – ISO-8859-3 – Latin-3 or South European
  • 28594 – ISO-8859-4 – Latin-4 or North European
  • 28595 – ISO-8859-5 – Latin/Cyrillic
  • 28596 – ISO-8859-6 – Latin/Arabic
  • 28597 – ISO-8859-7 – Latin/Greek
  • 28598 – ISO-8859-8 – Latin/Hebrew
  • 28599 – ISO-8859-9 – Latin-5 or Turkish
  • 28600 – ISO-8859-10 – Latin-6
  • 28601 – ISO-8859-11 – Latin/Thai
  • 28602 – ISO-8859-12 – reserved for Latin/Devanagari but abandoned (not supported)
  • 28603 – ISO-8859-13 – Latin-7 or Baltic Rim
  • 28604 – ISO-8859-14 – Latin-8 or Celtic
  • 28605 – ISO-8859-15 – Latin-9
  • 28606 – ISO-8859-16 – Latin-10 or South-Eastern European
  • 38596 – ISO-8859-6-I – Latin/Arabic (logical bidirectional order)
  • 38598 – ISO-8859-8-I – Latin/Hebrew (logical bidirectional order)

ITU-T code pages[edit]

  • 20105 – 7-bit IA5 IRV (Western European)[33][34][35]
  • 20106 – 7-bit IA5 German (DIN 66003)[33][34][36]
  • 20107 – 7-bit IA5 Swedish (SEN 850200 C)[33][34][37]
  • 20108 – 7-bit IA5 Norwegian (NS 4551-2)[33][34][38]
  • 20127 – 7-bit US-ASCII[33][34][39]
  • 20261 – T.61 (T.61-8bit)
  • 20269 – ISO-6937

KOI8 code pages[edit]

  • 20866 – Russian – KOI8-R
  • 21866 – Ukrainian – KOI8-U (or KOI8-RU in some versions)[40]

Problems arising from the use of code pages[edit]

Microsoft strongly recommends using Unicode in modern applications, but many applications or data files still depend on the legacy code pages.

  • Programs need to know what code page to use in order to display the contents of (pre-Unicode) files correctly. If a program uses the wrong code page it may show text as mojibake.
  • The code page in use may differ between machines, so (pre-Unicode) files created on one machine may be unreadable on another.
  • Data is often improperly tagged with the code page, or not tagged at all, making determination of the correct code page to read the data difficult.
  • These Microsoft code pages differ to various degrees from some of the standards and other vendors’ implementations. This isn’t a Microsoft issue per se, as it happens to all vendors, but the lack of consistency makes interoperability with other systems unreliable in some cases.
  • The use of code pages limits the set of characters that may be used.
  • Characters expressed in an unsupported code page may be converted to question marks (?) or other replacement characters, or to a simpler version (such as removing accents from a letter). In either case, the original character may be lost.

See also[edit]

  • AppLocale – a utility to run non-Unicode (code page-based) applications in a locale of the user’s choice.

References[edit]

  1. ^ «Code Pages». 2016-03-07. Archived from the original on 2016-03-07. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  2. ^ a b c «Glossary of Terms Used on this Site». December 8, 2018. Archived from the original on 2018-12-08. The term «ANSI» as used to signify Windows code pages is a historical reference, but is nowadays a misnomer that continues to persist in the Windows community. The source of this comes from the fact that the Windows code page 1252 was originally based on an ANSI draft—which became International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Standard 8859-1. «ANSI applications» are usually a reference to non-Unicode or code page–based applications.
  3. ^ «Character Sets». www.iana.org. Archived from the original on 2021-05-25. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  4. ^ «Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition): Character encodings». W3C. 29 September 2006. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
  5. ^ hylom (2017-11-14). «Windows 10のInsider PreviewでシステムロケールをUTF-8にするオプションが追加される» [The option to make UTF-8 the system locale added in Windows 10 Insider Preview]. スラド (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2018-05-11. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  6. ^ «Character Sets». IANA. Archived from the original on 2016-12-03. Retrieved 2019-04-07.
  7. ^ Microsoft. «Windows 1250». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  8. ^ IBM. «SBCS code page information document CPGID 01250». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  9. ^ Microsoft. «Windows 1251». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  10. ^ IBM. «SBCS code page information document CPGID 01251». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  11. ^ Microsoft. «Windows 1252». Archived from the original on 2013-05-04. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  12. ^ IBM. «SBCS code page information document CPGID 01252». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  13. ^ Microsoft. «Windows 1253». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  14. ^ IBM. «SBCS code page information document CPGID 01253». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  15. ^ Microsoft. «Windows 1254». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  16. ^ IBM. «SBCS code page information document CPGID 01254». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  17. ^ Microsoft. «Windows 1255». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  18. ^ IBM. «SBCS code page information document CPGID 01255». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  19. ^ Microsoft. «Windows 1256». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  20. ^ IBM. «SBCS code page information document CPGID 01256». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  21. ^ Microsoft. «Windows 1257». Archived from the original on 2013-03-16. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  22. ^ IBM. «SBCS code page information document CPGID 01257». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  23. ^ Microsoft. «Windows 1258». Archived from the original on 2013-10-25. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  24. ^ IBM. «SBCS code page information document CPGID 01258». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  25. ^ IBM. «SBCS code page information document — CPGID 00437». Archived from the original on 2016-06-09. Retrieved 2014-07-04.
  26. ^ «IBM-943 and IBM-932». IBM Knowledge Center. IBM. Archived from the original on 2018-08-18. Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  27. ^ «Converter Explorer: ibm-1373_P100-2002». ICU Demonstration. International Components for Unicode. Archived from the original on 2021-05-26. Retrieved 2020-06-27.
  28. ^ «Coded character set identifiers – CCSID 5471». IBM Globalization. IBM. Archived from the original on 2014-11-29.
  29. ^ Julliard, Alexandre. «dump_krwansung_codepage: build Korean Wansung table from the KSX1001 file». make_unicode: Generate code page .c files from ftp.unicode.org descriptions. Wine Project. Archived from the original on 2021-05-26. Retrieved 2021-03-14.
  30. ^ IBM. «SBCS code page information document — CPGID 00037». Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-04.
  31. ^ Steele, Shawn (2005-09-12). «Code Page 21027 «Extended/Ext Alpha Lowercase»«. MSDN. Archived from the original on 2019-04-06. Retrieved 2019-04-06.
  32. ^ a b c d e «Code Page Identifiers». docs.microsoft.com. Archived from the original on 2019-04-07. Retrieved 2019-04-07.
  33. ^ a b c d e «Code Page Identifiers». Microsoft Developer Network. Microsoft. 2014. Archived from the original on 2016-06-19. Retrieved 2016-06-19.
  34. ^ a b c d e «Web Encodings — Internet Explorer — Encodings». WHATWG Wiki. 2012-10-23. Archived from the original on 2016-06-20. Retrieved 2016-06-20.
  35. ^ Foller, Antonin (2014) [2011]. «Western European (IA5) encoding — Windows charsets». WUtils.com — Online web utility and help. Motobit Software. Archived from the original on 2016-06-20. Retrieved 2016-06-20.
  36. ^ Foller, Antonin (2014) [2011]. «German (IA5) encoding – Windows charsets». WUtils.com – Online web utility and help. Motobit Software. Archived from the original on 2016-06-20. Retrieved 2016-06-20.
  37. ^ Foller, Antonin (2014) [2011]. «Swedish (IA5) encoding — Windows charsets». WUtils.com — Online web utility and help. Motobit Software. Archived from the original on 2016-06-20. Retrieved 2016-06-20.
  38. ^ Foller, Antonin (2014) [2011]. «Norwegian (IA5) encoding — Windows charsets». WUtils.com — Online web utility and help. Motobit Software. Archived from the original on 2016-06-20. Retrieved 2016-06-20.
  39. ^ Foller, Antonin (2014) [2011]. «US-ASCII encoding — Windows charsets». WUtils.com — Online web utility and help. Motobit Software. Archived from the original on 2016-06-20. Retrieved 2016-06-20.
  40. ^ Nechayev, Valentin (2013) [2001]. «Review of 8-bit Cyrillic encodings universe». Archived from the original on 2016-12-05. Retrieved 2016-12-05.

External links[edit]

  • National Language Support (NLS) API Reference. Table showing ANSI and OEM codepages per language (from web-archive since Microsoft removed the original page)
  • IANA Charset Name Registrations
  • Unicode mapping table for Windows code pages
  • Unicode mappings of windows code pages with «best fit»
Источник

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