Какая кодировка в консоли windows

asked Dec 23, 2008 at 9:30

Try:

chcp 65001

which will change the code page to UTF-8. Also, you need to use Lucida console fonts.

answered Dec 23, 2008 at 9:39

My background: I have used Unicode input/output in a console for years (and do it a lot daily. Moreover, I develop support tools for exactly this task). There are very few problems, as far as you understand the following facts/limitations:

• CMD and “console” are unrelated factors. CMD.exe is a just one of programs which are ready to “work inside” a console (“console applications”).
• AFAIK, CMD has perfect support for Unicode; you can enter/output all Unicode chars when any code page is active.
• Windows’ console has a lot of support for Unicode — but it is not perfect (just “good enough”; see below).
• chcp 65001 is very dangerous. Unless a program was specially designed to work around defects in the Windows’ API (or uses a C runtime library which has these workarounds), it would not work reliably. Windows 8 fixes ½ of these problems with cp65001, but the rest is still applicable to Windows 10.
• I work in Windows-1252. As I already said: To input/output Unicode in a console, one does not need to set the code page.

The details

• To read/write Unicode to a console, an application (or its C runtime library) should be smart enough to use not the File-I/O API, but the Console-I/O API. (For an example, see how Python does it.)
• Likewise, to read Unicode command-line arguments, an application (or its C runtime library) should be smart enough to use the corresponding API.
• Console font rendering supports only Unicode characters in BMP (in other words: below U+10000). Only simple text rendering is supported (so European — and some East Asian — languages should work fine — as far as one uses precomposed forms). There is a [minor] fine print here for East Asian and for characters U+0000, U+0001, U+30FB.]

Practical considerations

• The defaults on Window are not very helpful. For best experience, one should tune up three pieces of configuration:

  • For output: a comprehensive console font. For best results, I recommend my builds. (The installation instructions are present there — and also listed in other answers on this page.)
  • For input: a capable keyboard layout. For best results, I recommend my layouts.
  • For input: allow hexadecimal input of Unicode.

• One more gotcha with “Pasting” into a console application (very technical):

  • Hexadecimal input delivers a character on KeyUp of Alt; all the other ways to deliver a character happen on KeyDown; so many applications are not ready to see a character on KeyUp. (Only applicable to applications using the Console-I/O API.)
  • Conclusion: many applications would not react on hexadecimal input events.
  • Moreover, what happens with a “Pasted” character depends on the current keyboard layout: if the character can be typed without using prefix keys (but with arbitrary complicated combination of modifiers, as in Ctrl + Alt + AltGr + Kana + Shift + Gray) then it is delivered on an emulated key press. This is what any application expects — so pasting anything which contains only such characters is fine.
  • However, the “other” characters are delivered by emulating hexadecimal input.

  Conclusion: unless your keyboard layout supports input of a lot of characters without prefix keys, some buggy applications may skip characters when you Paste via Console’s UI: Alt + Space, E + P. (This is why I recommend using my keyboard layouts!)

One should also keep in mind that the “alternative, ‘more capable’ consoles” for Windows are not consoles at all. They do not support Console-I/O APIs, so the programs which rely on these APIs to work would not function. (The programs which use only “File-I/O APIs to the console file handles” would work fine, though.)

One example of such non-console is a part of Microsoft’s PowerShell. I do not use it; to experiment, press and release the Windows key, and then type powershell.

(On the other hand, there are programs such as ConEmu or ANSICON which try to do more: they “attempt” to intercept the Console-I/O APIs to make “true console applications” work too. This definitely works for toy example programs; in real life, this may or may not solve your particular problems. Experiment.)

Summary

• set font, keyboard layout (and optionally, allow hexadecimal input).

• use only programs which go through the Console-I/O APIs, and accept Unicode command-line arguments. For example, any Cygwin-compiled program should be fine. As I already said, CMD is fine too.

Update: Initially, for a bug in cp65001, I was mixing up Kernel and CRTL layers (Update 2: and Windows user-mode API!). Also: Windows 8 fixes one half of this bug; I clarified the section about “better console” application, and added a reference to how Python does it.

I had same problem (I’m from the Czech Republic). I have an English installation of Windows, and I have to work with files on a shared drive. Paths to the files include Czech-specific characters.

The solution that works for me is:

In the batch file, change the charset page

My batch file:

chcp 1250
copy "O:\VEŘEJNÉ\ŽŽŽŽŽŽ\Ž.xls" c:\temp

The batch file has to be saved in CP 1250.

Note that the console will not show characters correctly, but it will understand them…

Check the language for non-Unicode programs. If you have problems with Russian in the Windows console, then you should set Russian here:

It’s is quite difficult to change the default Codepage of Windows console. When you search the web you find different proposals, however some of them may break your Windows entirely, i.e. your PC does not boot anymore.

The most secure solution is this one:
Go to your Registry key HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor and add String value Autorun = chcp 65001.

Or you can use this small Batch-Script for the most common code pages.

@ECHO off

SET ROOT_KEY="HKEY_CURRENT_USER"


FOR /f "skip=2 tokens=3" %%i in ('reg query HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Nls\CodePage /v OEMCP') do set OEMCP=%%i

ECHO System default values:

ECHO.
ECHO ...............................................
ECHO Select Codepage 
ECHO ...............................................
ECHO.
ECHO 1 - CP1252
ECHO 2 - UTF-8
ECHO 3 - CP850
ECHO 4 - ISO-8859-1
ECHO 5 - ISO-8859-15
ECHO 6 - US-ASCII
ECHO.
ECHO 9 - Reset to System Default (CP%OEMCP%)
ECHO 0 - EXIT
ECHO.


SET /P  CP="Select a Codepage: "

if %CP%==1 (
    echo Set default Codepage to CP1252
    reg add "%ROOT_KEY%\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor" /v Autorun /t REG_SZ /d "@chcp 1252>nul" /f
) else if %CP%==2 (
    echo Set default Codepage to UTF-8
    reg add "%ROOT_KEY%\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor" /v Autorun /t REG_SZ /d "@chcp 65001>nul" /f
) else if %CP%==3 (
    echo Set default Codepage to CP850
    reg add "%ROOT_KEY%\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor" /v Autorun /t REG_SZ /d "@chcp 850>nul" /f
) else if %CP%==4 (
    echo Set default Codepage to ISO-8859-1
    add "%ROOT_KEY%\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor" /v Autorun /t REG_SZ /d "@chcp 28591>nul" /f
) else if %CP%==5 (
    echo Set default Codepage to ISO-8859-15
    add "%ROOT_KEY%\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor" /v Autorun /t REG_SZ /d "@chcp 28605>nul" /f
) else if %CP%==6 (
    echo Set default Codepage to ASCII
    add "%ROOT_KEY%\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor" /v Autorun /t REG_SZ /d "@chcp 20127>nul" /f
) else if %CP%==9 (
    echo Reset Codepage to System Default
    reg delete "%ROOT_KEY%\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor" /v AutoRun /f
) else if %CP%==0 (
    echo Bye
) else (
    echo Invalid choice
    pause
)

Using @chcp 65001>nul instead of chcp 65001 suppresses the output «Active code page: 65001» you would get every time you start a new command line windows.

A full list of all available number you can get from Code Page Identifiers

Note, the settings will apply only for the current user. If you like to set it for all users, replace line SET ROOT_KEY="HKEY_CURRENT_USER" by SET ROOT_KEY="HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE"

answered Nov 2, 2015 at 10:23

On a Windows 10 x64 machine, I made the command prompt display non-English characters by:

Open an elevated command prompt (run CMD.EXE as administrator). Query your registry for available TrueType fonts to the console by:

    REG query "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Console\TrueTypeFont"

You’ll see an output like:

    0    REG_SZ    Lucida Console
    00    REG_SZ    Consolas
    936    REG_SZ    *新宋体
    932    REG_SZ    *ＭＳ ゴシック

Now we need to add a TrueType font that supports the characters you need like Courier New. We do this by adding zeros to the string name, so in this case the next one would be «000»:

    REG ADD "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Console\TrueTypeFont" /v 000 /t REG_SZ /d "Courier New"

Now we implement UTF-8 support:

    REG ADD HKCU\Console /v CodePage /t REG_DWORD /d 65001 /f

Set default font to «Courier New»:

    REG ADD HKCU\Console /v FaceName /t REG_SZ /d "Courier New" /f

Set font size to 20:

    REG ADD HKCU\Console /v FontSize /t REG_DWORD /d 20 /f

Enable quick edit if you like:

    REG ADD HKCU\Console /v QuickEdit /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f

Actually, the trick is that the command prompt actually understands these non-English characters, just can’t display them correctly.

When I enter a path in the command prompt that contains some non-English characters it is displayed as «?? ?????? ?????». When you submit your command (cd «??? ?????? ?????» in my case), everything is working as expected.

One really simple option is to install a Windows bash shell such as MinGW and use that:

There is a little bit of a learning curve as you will need to use Unix command line functionality, but you will love the power of it and you can set the console character set to UTF-8.

Of course you also get all the usual *nix goodies like grep, find, less, etc.

I found this method as useful in new versions of Windows 10:

Turn on this feature: «Beta: Use Unicode UTF-8 for worldwide language support»

Control panel -> Regional settings -> Administrative tab-> Change
system locale…

answered Apr 14, 2019 at 11:28

VonCVonC

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answered Apr 7, 2016 at 1:49

This problem is quite annoying. I usually have Chinese character in my filename and file content. Please note that I am using Windows 10, here is my solution:

To display the file name, such as dir or ls if you installed Ubuntu bash on Windows 10

1. Set the region to support non-utf 8 character.

2. After that, console’s font will be changed to the font of that locale, and it also changes the encoding of the console.

After you have done previous steps, in order to display the file content of a UTF-8 file using command line tool

1. Change the page to utf-8 by chcp 65001
2. Change to the font that supports utf-8, such as Lucida Console
3. Use type command to peek the file content, or cat if you installed Ubuntu bash on Windows 10
4. Please note that, after setting the encoding of the console to utf-8, I can’t type Chinese character in the cmd using Chinese input method.

The laziest solution: Just use a console emulator such as http://cmder.net/

answered Jan 22, 2017 at 6:02

For a similar problem, (my problem was to show UTF-8 characters from MySQL on a command prompt),

I solved it like this:

1. I changed the font of command prompt to Lucida Console. (This step must be irrelevant for your situation. It has to do only with what you see on the screen and not with what is really the character).

2. I changed the codepage to Windows-1253. You do this on the command prompt by «chcp 1253». It worked for my case where I wanted to see UTF-8.

I see several answers here, but they don’t seem to address the question—the user wants to get Unicode input from the command line.

Windows uses UTF-16 for encoding in two byte strings, so you need to get these from the OS in your program. There are two ways to do this—

1. Microsoft has an extension that allows main to take a wide character array:
   int wmain(int argc, wchar_t *argv[]);
   https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/6wd819wh.aspx

2. Call the Windows API to get the Unicode version of the command line
   wchar_t win_argv = (wchar_t)CommandLineToArgvW(GetCommandLineW(), &nargs);
   CommandLineToArgvW function (shellapi.h)

Read UTF-8 Everywhere for detailed information, particularly if you are supporting other operating systems.

A better cleaner thing to do: Just install the available, free, Microsoft Japanese language pack. (Other oriental language packs will also work, but I have tested the Japanese one.)

This gives you the fonts with the larger sets of glyphs, makes them the default behavior, changes the various Windows tools like cmd, WordPad, etc.

Changing code page to 1252 is working for me. The problem for me is the symbol double doller § is converting to another symbol by DOS on Windows Server 2008.

I have used CHCP 1252 and a cap before it in my BCP statement ^§.

I got around a similar issue deleting Unicode-named files by referring to them in the batch file by their short (8 dot 3) names.

The short names can be viewed by doing dir /x. Obviously, this only works with Unicode file names that are already known.

answered Jun 6, 2022 at 7:35