Добавление python в path windows

You may need to add Python to PATH if you’ve installed Python, but typing python on the command line doesn’t seem to work. You may be getting a message saying that the term python isn’t recognized, or you may end up with the wrong version of Python running.

A common fix for these problems is adding Python to the PATH environment variable. In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to add Python to PATH. You’ll also learn about what PATH is and why PATH is vital for programs like the command line to be able to find your Python installation.

The steps that you’ll need to take to add something to PATH will depend significantly on your operating system (OS), so be sure to skip to the relevant section if you’re only interested in this procedure for one OS.

Note that you can use the following steps to add any program to PATH, not just Python.

C:\Users\<USER>\AppData\Local\Programs\Python

# This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login
# exists.

$ echo export PATH="<PATH_TO_PYTHON>:$PATH" >> ~/.profile

>>> PATH = "/home/realpython/apps:/bin"
>>> PATH = f"/home/realpython/python:{PATH}"
>>> PATH
'/home/realpython/python:/home/realpython/apps:/bin'

$ echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/home/realpython/badpython:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games

$ echo $PATH | tr ":" "\n"
/usr/local/sbin
/usr/local/bin
/usr/sbin
/home/realpython/badpython
/usr/bin
/sbin
/bin
/usr/games
/usr/local/games

export PATH=`echo $PATH | tr ":" "\n" | grep -v 'badpython' | tr "\n" ":"`

Python is a great language! However, it doesn’t come pre-installed with Windows. Hence we download it to interpret the Python code which we write. But wait, windows don’t know where you have installed the Python so when trying to any Python code, you will get an error.

We will be using Windows10 and python3 for this article. (Most of the part is same for any other version of either windows or python)

Add Python to Windows Path

First, we need to locate where the python is being installed after downloading it. Press WINDOWS key and search for “Python”, you will get something like this:

If no results appear then Python is not installed on your machine, download it before proceeding further. Click on open file location and you will be in a location where Python is installed, Copy the location path from the top by clicking over it.

Now, we have to add the above-copied path as a variable so that windows can recognize. Search for “Environmental Variables”, you will see something like this:

Click on that

Now click the “Environmental Variables” button

There will be two categories namely “User” and “System”, we have to add it in Users, click on New button in the User section. Now, add a Variable Name and Path which we copied previously and click OK. That’s it, DONE!

Check if the Environment variable is set or not

Now, after adding the Python to the Environment variable, let’s check if the Python is running anywhere in the windows or not. To do this open CMD and type Python. If the environment variable is set then the Python command will run otherwise not.

Last Updated :
21 Apr, 2020

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The following program will add the python executable path and the subdir Scripts (which is where e.g. pip and easy_install are installed) to your environment. It finds the path to the python executable from the registry key binding the .py extension. It will remove old python paths in your environment. Works with XP (and probably Vista) as well.
It only uses modules that come with the basic windows installer.

# coding: utf-8

import sys
import os
import time
import _winreg
import ctypes

def find_python():
    """
    retrieves the commandline for .py extensions from the registry
    """
    hKey = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
                           r'Python.File\shell\open\command')
    # get the default value
    value, typ = _winreg.QueryValueEx (hKey, None)
    program = value.split('"')[1]
    if not program.lower().endswith(r'\python.exe'):
        return None
    return os.path.dirname(program)

def extend_path(pypath, remove=False, verbose=0, remove_old=True,
                script=False):
    """
    extend(pypath) adds pypath to the PATH env. variable as defined in the
    registry, and then notifies applications (e.g. the desktop) of this change.
    !!! Already opened DOS-Command prompts are not updated. !!!
    Newly opened prompts will have the new path (inherited from the 
    updated windows explorer desktop)
    options:
    remove (default unset), remove from PATH instead of extend PATH
    remove_old (default set), removes any (old) python paths first
    script (default unset), try to add/remove the Scripts subdirectory 
        of pypath (pip, easy_install) as well
    """
    _sd = 'Scripts' # scripts subdir
    hKey = _winreg.OpenKey (_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
               r'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment',
               0, _winreg.KEY_READ | _winreg.KEY_SET_VALUE)

    value, typ = _winreg.QueryValueEx (hKey, "PATH")
    vals = value.split(';')
    assert isinstance(vals, list)
    if not remove and remove_old:
        new_vals = []
        for v in vals:
            pyexe = os.path.join(v, 'python.exe')
            if v != pypath and os.path.exists(pyexe):
                if verbose > 0:
                    print 'removing from PATH:', v
                continue
            if script and v != os.path.join(pypath, _sd) and \
               os.path.exists(v.replace(_sd, pyexe)):
                if verbose > 0:
                    print 'removing from PATH:', v
                continue
            new_vals.append(v)
        vals = new_vals
    if remove:
        try:
            vals.remove(pypath)
        except ValueError:
            if verbose > 0:
                print 'path element', pypath, 'not found'
            return
        if script:
            try:
                vals.remove(os.path.join(pypath, _sd))
            except ValueError:
                pass
            print 'removing from PATH:', pypath
    else:
        if pypath in vals:
            if verbose > 0:
                print 'path element', pypath, 'already in PATH'
            return
        vals.append(pypath)
        if verbose > 1:
            print 'adding to PATH:', pypath
        if script:
            if not pypath + '\\Scripts' in vals:
                vals.append(pypath + '\\Scripts')
            if verbose > 1:
                print 'adding to PATH:', pypath + '\\Scripts'
    _winreg.SetValueEx(hKey, "PATH", 0, typ, ';'.join(vals) )
    _winreg.SetValueEx(hKey, "OLDPATH", 0, typ, value )
    _winreg.FlushKey(hKey)
    # notify other programs
    SendMessage = ctypes.windll.user32.SendMessageW
    HWND_BROADCAST = 0xFFFF
    WM_SETTINGCHANGE = 0x1A
    SendMessage(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_SETTINGCHANGE, 0, u'Environment')
    if verbose > 1:
        print 'Do not forget to restart any command prompts'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    remove = '--remove' in sys.argv
    script = '--noscripts' not in sys.argv
    extend_path(find_python(), verbose=2, remove=remove, script=script)

There are few ways to add Python to Windows PATH. In this guide, you’ll see two methods to add Python to Windows path:

• Via the installation of a recent version of Python
• Manual entry of the paths

Method 1: Install a Recent Version of Python

You can easily add Python to Windows path by downloading a recent version of Python, and then checking the box to Add Python to PATH at the bottom of the setup screen:

Add Python to PATH

Finish the installation, and you should be good to go.

Alternatively, you may manually add the paths into the Environment variables.

Method 2: Manually add Python to Windows Path

If you wish to stick with the previous version of Python, you may apply the steps below to manually add Python to Windows path.

First, navigate to the Windows Environment Variables screen (where you can add/edit your paths):

• Press the Windows Key + R on your keyboard in order to open the Run dialog box
• Type sysdm.cpl to open the System Properties
• Go to the Advanced tab and then click on the ‘Environment Variables…‘

That should take you to the Environment Variables screen, where you can add/edit your paths.

Under the User variables box, click on ‘New…‘ to add the ‘Path’ variable (note that if your ‘Path’ variable already exists, then click on ‘Edit…’ instead):

You should then see the New User Variable box, where you may add/edit variables:

Variable name:
Variable value:

Before you type any values, you’ll need to locate the relevant Python paths. The paths that you’ll need to get are:

(1) The Python application path, which is the folder where you originally installed Python. You can find the Python application path by following these steps:

• Type “Python” in the Windows Search Bar
• Right-click on the Python App, and then select “Open file location“
• Right-click again on the Python shortcut, and then select “Open file location“

Here is an example of a Python application path:

C:\Users\Ron\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39

(2) The Python Scripts path. The Scripts folder should be located within the Python application path. Example:

C:\Users\Ron\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\scripts

After you obtained the paths, fill the New User Variable box that you saw earlier:

• For the Variable name, type ‘Path‘
• For the Variable value, paste the full Python application path, then add semicolon (as highlighted in yellow below), and finally paste the Python Scripts path.

For our example:

Variable name: Path
Variable value: C:\Users\Ron\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39;C:\Users\Ron\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\Scripts

Press ‘OK’ and you would then see your new Python Path under the ‘User variables‘ section. Don’t forget to press ‘OK‘ again so that the changes will get implemented.

You just added Python to the Windows Path.

You should be able to install Python packages easily, by opening the Windows Command Prompt and then typing:

pip install package_name

For example, to install the Pandas package, simply type ‘pip install pandas‘ and then press ENTER:

pip install pandas

Similarly, you may upgrade PIP by typing the following command:

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

Добавление Python в переменную среды PATH упрощает запуск Python из любого места командной строки или терминала.

Найдите путь установки Python

Найдите папку, в которой установлен Python. Обычно он находится в папке C:\PythonXY или C:\Users\YourUsername\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\PythonXY, где X и Y обозначают установленную версию Python(например, Python38 для Python 3.8).

Откройте окно «Переменные среды»

Щелкните правой кнопкой мыши значок «Компьютер» или «Этот компьютер» на рабочем столе или в проводнике, затем нажмите «Свойства». В окне «Система» слева нажмите «Дополнительные параметры системы». В окне «Свойства системы» перейдите на вкладку «Дополнительно» и нажмите кнопку «Переменные среды».

Отредактируйте переменную PATH

В окне «Переменные среды» в разделе «Системные переменные» найдите переменную «Путь», выберите ее и нажмите «Изменить». Затем в окне «Редактировать переменную среды» нажмите «Создать» и вставьте путь к папке установки Python(из шага 1).

Также добавьте путь к папке «Scripts», которая обычно находится в той же папке, что и установка Python(например, C:\PythonXY\Scripts). Наконец, нажмите «ОК», чтобы сохранить изменения.

Проверьте новый параметр PATH

Закройте все открытые окна командной строки и откройте новое. Например, введите python и нажмите Enter. Если Python правильно добавлен в PATH, вы должны увидеть работающий интерпретатор Python с отображаемым номером версии.

Добавление Python в путь в macOS/Linux

В macOS и Linux Python обычно уже добавлен в PATH. Если это не так, вы можете добавить его, отредактировав файл конфигурации оболочки:

Найдите путь установки Python

Откройте терминал и запустите python3 или Python. Эта команда вернет путь к исполняемому файлу Python (например, /usr/local/bin/python3).

Отредактируйте файл конфигурации оболочки

Откройте файл конфигурации оболочки в текстовом редакторе. Для Bash это обычно файл ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bashrc или ~/.profile. Для Zsh это файл ~/.zshrc.

Добавьте путь Python в файл конфигурации

Добавьте в файл следующую строку, заменив /path/to/python путем из шага 1:

Например, если путь /usr/local/bin/python3, добавьте следующую строку:

Сохраните и перезагрузите файл конфигурации

Сохраните изменения и закройте текстовый редактор. В терминале запустите source ~/.bash_profile, source ~/.bashrc, source ~/.profile или source ~/.zshrc, в зависимости от файла, который вы редактировали на шаге 2.

Проверьте параметр PATH

Закройте терминал и откройте новый. Введите python или python3 и нажмите Enter.

Если Python правильно добавлен в PATH, вы должны увидеть работающий интерпретатор Python с отображаемым номером версии.