Astra linux не видит общие папки windows

[global]
#
# Sample configuration file for the Samba suite for Debian GNU/Linux.
#
#
# This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the
# smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed
# here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options most of which
# are not shown in this example
#
# Some options that are often worth tuning have been included as
# commented-out examples in this file.
# — When such options are commented with «;», the proposed setting
# differs from the default Samba behaviour
# — When commented with «#», the proposed setting is the default
# behaviour of Samba but the option is considered important
# enough to be mentioned here
#
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command
# «testparm» to check that you have not made any basic syntactic
# errors.

#======================= Global Settings =======================

[global]

## Browsing/Identification ###

# Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of
workgroup = WORKGROUP

# Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
# WINS Support — Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable its WINS Server
# wins support = yes

# WINS Server — Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
# Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
; wins server = w.x.y.z

# This will prevent nmbd to search for NetBIOS names through DNS.
dns proxy = no

#### Networking ####

# The specific set of interfaces / networks to bind to
# This can be either the interface name or an IP address/netmask;
# interface names are normally preferred
; interfaces = 192.168.1.1/24 eth0

# Only bind to the named interfaces and/or networks; you must use the
# ‘interfaces’ option above to use this.
# It is recommended that you enable this feature if your Samba machine is
# not protected by a firewall or is a firewall itself. However, this
# option cannot handle dynamic or non-broadcast interfaces correctly.
; bind interfaces only = no

#### Debugging/Accounting ####

# This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m

# Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).
max log size = 1000

# If you want Samba to only log through syslog then set the following
# parameter to ‘yes’.
# syslog only = no

# We want Samba to log a minimum amount of information to syslog. Everything
# should go to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd} instead. If you want to log
# through syslog you should set the following parameter to something higher.
syslog = 0

# Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d

####### Authentication #######

# Server role. Defines in which mode Samba will operate. Possible
# values are «standalone server», «member server», «classic primary
# domain controller», «classic backup domain controller», «active
# directory domain controller».
#
# Most people will want «standalone server» or «member server».
# Running as «active directory domain controller» will require first
# running «samba-tool domain provision» to wipe databases and create a
# new domain.
server role = standalone server

# If you are using encrypted passwords, Samba will need to know what
# password database type you are using.
passdb backend = tdbsam

obey pam restrictions = yes

# This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix
# password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the
# passdb is changed.
unix password sync = yes

# For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the following
# parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan <<kahan@informatik.tu-muenchen.de> for
# sending the correct chat script for the passwd program in Debian Sarge).
passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .

# This boolean controls whether PAM will be used for password changes
# when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in
# ‘passwd program’. The default is ‘no’.
pam password change = yes

# This option controls how unsuccessful authentication attempts are mapped
# to anonymous connections
map to guest = bad user

########## Domains ###########

#
# The following settings only takes effect if ‘server role = primary
# classic domain controller’, ‘server role = backup domain controller’
# or ‘domain logons’ is set
#

# It specifies the location of the user’s
# profile directory from the client point of view) The following
# required a [profiles] share to be setup on the samba server (see
# below)
; logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U
# Another common choice is storing the profile in the user’s home directory
# (this is Samba’s default)
# logon path = \\%N\%U\profile

# The following setting only takes effect if ‘domain logons’ is set
# It specifies the location of a user’s home directory (from the client
# point of view)
; logon drive = H:
# logon home = \\%N\%U

# The following setting only takes effect if ‘domain logons’ is set
# It specifies the script to run during logon. The script must be stored
# in the [netlogon] share
# NOTE: Must be store in ‘DOS’ file format convention
; logon script = logon.cmd

# This allows Unix users to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe. The example command creates a user account with a disabled Unix
# password; please adapt to your needs
; add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser —quiet —disabled-password —gecos «» %u

# This allows machine accounts to be created on the domain controller via the
# SAMR RPC pipe.
# The following assumes a «machines» group exists on the system
; add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -g machines -c «%u machine account» -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u

# This allows Unix groups to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.
; add group script = /usr/sbin/addgroup —force-badname %g

############ Misc ############

# Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
; include = /home/samba/etc/smb.conf.%m

# Some defaults for winbind (make sure you’re not using the ranges
# for something else.)
; idmap uid = 10000-20000
; idmap gid = 10000-20000
; template shell = /bin/bash

# Setup usershare options to enable non-root users to share folders
# with the net usershare command.

# Maximum number of usershare. 0 (default) means that usershare is disabled.
; usershare max shares = 100

# Allow users who’ve been granted usershare privileges to create
# public shares, not just authenticated ones
usershare allow guests = yes

#======================= Share Definitions =======================
security = user
encrypt passwords = no

[homes]
comment = Home Directories
browseable = yes

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the
# next parameter to ‘no’ if you want to be able to write to them.
read only = no

# File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
create mask = 0775

# Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
directory mask = 0775

# By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone
# with access to the samba server.
# The following parameter makes sure that only «username» can connect
# to \\server\username
# This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes
valid users = %nobody

# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
;[netlogon]
; comment = Network Logon Service
; path = /home/samba/netlogon
; guest ok = yes
; read only = no

# Un-comment the following and create the profiles directory to store
# users profiles (see the «logon path» option above)
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
# The path below should be writable by all users so that their
# profile directory may be created the first time they log on
;[profiles]
; comment = Users profiles
; path = /home/samba/profiles
; guest ok = yes
; browseable = yes
; create mask = 0600
; directory mask = 0775

[printers]
comment = All Printers
browseable = no
path = /var/spool/samba
printable = yes
guest ok = no
read only = yes
create mask = 0700

[print$]
path = /var/lib/samba/printers
comment = printer drivers
read only = no
guest ok = yes
guest only = no
valid users = nobody

[Обмен]
path = /root/obmen
read only = no
guest ok = yes
guest only = yes

Модератор: Bizdelnick

Linux

16.10.202016.10.2020

1 Minute

При работе в Windows средах часто необходимо подключить имеющуюся общую папку Windows в Linux сервер. Данная инструкция покажет как это сделать.

Данная инструкция подойдет не только для Astra Linux, но и для Ubuntu, Debian etc.

Подготовка
Для монтирования smb шары в Линукс необходимо установить пакет cifs-utils:
apt-get install cifs-utils

После этого в системе появится команда mount.cifs (так же можно использовать просто mount с указанием типа системы -t cifs)

Пример монтирования:
mount.cifs //10.10.0.1/share /mnt/fileshare -o username=tom,password=123
где:
//10.10.0.1/share — путь и имя сетевой шары
/mnt/fileshare — путь куда монтируем шару
-o username=tom,password=123 — опции монтирования, в данном случае указывается имя пользователя и пароль.

Полный набор опций можно посмотреть выполнив:
man mount.cifs
Наиболее часто используемые:
domain=factory.local — указание домена
vers=2.0 — указание версии протокола SMB
rw\ro — указание режим монтирования либо на чтение , либо на чтение и запись

Включение автомонтирования при загрузке
Для автомонтирования создадим systemd unit.
в каталоге /etc/systemd/system/ создадим файл mnt-fileshare.mount:
nano /etc/systemd/system/mnt-fileshare.mount

при этом имя данного юнита должно отражать путь до точки монтирования. Если мы хотим монтировать в /mnt/some/file имя модулю должно быть mnt-some-file.mount

Вставим в данный файл следующий текст:
[Unit]
Description=Cifs mount
Requires=network-online.target
After=network-online.service
[Mount]
What=//10.10.0.1/share
Where=/mnt/fileshare
Options=username=tom,password=123
Type=cifs
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

обновляем конфигурацию systemd
systemctl daemon-reload
выполняем монтирование:
systemctl start mnt-fileshare.mount
Проверяем:
ls /mnt/fileshare
должны увидеть содержимое диска.
Включаем монтирование при загрузке:
systemctl enable mnt-fileshare.mount

В данной инструкции имя пользователя и пароль передается в качестве опции в открытом виде, что не безопасно. Для cifs предусмотрена возможность вынести данные реквизиты в отдельный файл с ограниченным доступом.
пример:
создаем файл:
nano /root/.smbcred
заполняем файл реквизитами доступа:
username=tom
password=123
вносим изменения в systemd unit mnt-fileshare.mount:
[Unit]
Description=Cifs mount
Requires=network-online.target
After=network-online.service
[Mount]
What=//10.10.0.1/share
Where=/mnt/fileshare
Options=credentials=/root/.smbcred
Type=cifs
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
обновляем конфигцрацию systemd
systemctl daemon-reload

монтируем директорию:
systemctll start mnt-fileshare.mount

Полезные ссылки:
https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.mount.html
https://linux.die.net/man/8/mount.cifs

Опубликовано
16.10.202016.10.2020

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